Research On Practical Technology Of Household Sewage Treatment In Rural Areas Of Ningxia

For a long time, owing to poor facilities and infrastructure for environmentalprotection in the rural areas of China, a considerable amount of domestic sewage waterhas been disposed randomly without any treatment, which has posed a serious threat tosoil, surface water, underground water, security of agricultural products, and people’shealth. This has gradually become the main course of environmental pollution and hasincreasingly drawn the close attention of society. Since sewage water of rural regions isvast in area, scattered in location, and complex in quality, it is impossible to buildlarge-scaled comprehensive facilities to process household waste water as in cities. Thus,it is urgent to develop the very technology and practical engineering which can beapplied to local condition to tackle sewage water discharge and at the same time be lowin energy consumption, low in cost, and high in efficiency.Based on the collection and selection of both current domestic and internationaltechnology on rural domestic waste water, the author conducted carefulsite-investigations on the situation of domestic waste water disposal of rural areas in thenorthern, middle, and southern parts of Ningxia. Then, the author made comparativeanalyses on the technological principles, treatment effects, economic costs, andoperation and management of four existing rural domestic sewage water treatmentprojects. Furthermore, the author established a pattern which is in accord with thetechnological principle and the model of Ningxia’s standard for rural domestic wastewater disposal, i.e. the principle of pre-treatment+biochemical treatment,pre-treatment+biochemical treatment+tertiary treatment, and the model of combination of distribution and collection. Finally, the author provided constructivesuggestions on the prevention and the management for government on rural domesticwaste water disposal.The research result of this article can be applied to the prevention and the treatmentof domestic wasted water for rural areas of China, especially for the western parts ofChina.