The Analysis Of Prevalence And Related Factors Of Metabolic Syndrome In Shenzhen

Object: To learn about the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and each MScomponent among16years old or older residents in Shenzhen, explorerrelated relatedfactors in different populations, investigate the related risk factors of MS, and providereference for further prevention and control of MS.Method: A multiple stage probability proportionate to size sampling was used in thisstudy. In stage one,11communities were randomly selected from8districts of Shenzhenbased on population proportion from Feb.2011to Jul.2011. In the second stage,75households (settle down in Shenzhen for5years or more) were randomly selected fromeach community. In each household,6years old or older members were invited to takedietary survey, health questionnaire and medical examinations, includes physicalmeasurement and laboratory examination；16years old or older members were chosen to beobjects of study. All data were integrated into database by special software which designedfor Nutrition and Health Monitoring of China, then analyzed by SAS9.13, with statisticmethod such as t test, rank sum test, chi-square analysis, chi-square trends analysis, logisticregression model.Results:(1) Overall, the prevalence of the MS was18.0%. In male and female, theprevalence was16.04%and19.57%, respectively (The standardized prevalence was9.76%for overall,10.73%for male and8.62%for female). The prevalence of MS was higher infemale than in male (P<0.05). The highest prevalence of each MS component present incentripetal obesity (prevalence was40.33%, standardized prevalence was27.16%), then hypertriglyceridemia (prevalence was28.63%, standardized prevalence was21.76%),hypertension (prevalence was25.33%, standardized prevalence was14.51%), andhyperglycemia (prevalence was23.46%, standardized prevalence was13.60%). For themultiplecomponents MS, the highest prevalence presented in centripetal obesity,hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension combined (prevalence was16.67%). The MSprevalence with4and more components was41.80%and that with all5components was8.74%.(2) The prevalence of MS, centripetal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension andhyperglycemia increased with age (Ptrend<0.01). It was highest among55-65yearsage-group.(3) The prevalence of MS and all its components increased with body mass index(Ptrend<0.0001). The prevalence of MS in obesity group and overweight group was31.58%and55.12%, respectively.(4) The intakes of meat, oil and salt were surfeit among residents16years or older inShenzhen, and the intakes of beans and their products, milk and fruits were lack. The dailyconsumptions of fat, salt, meat, grain and potato by MS patients were higher than thenormal population, this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).(5) The prevalence of MS, centripetal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension andhyperglycemia differed among populations with different types of occupations. Thisdifference was statistically significant (P<0.0001). The prevalence of MS, centripetalobesity, hyperglycemia and hypertension decreased with increased intensity of occupationalphysical activity (Ptrend<0.01).(6) The prevalence of MS, centripetal obesity, hyperglycemia and hypertensiondiffered among populations with different educational background (P<0.01), and decreasedas education level increased.(7) The marital statuswas associated with the prevalence of MS (P<0.0001). Theprevalence was lowest among unmarried population (4.55%), and highest among divorcedor widowed population (26.6%). (8) The multivariate analysis found those factors may have contributed to MS: age(OR=1.595，95%CI:1.365-1.864), BMI (OR=5.152，95%CI:3.806-6.973), dailyconsumption of grain and potato (OR=1.234，95%CI:1.017-1.497) and daily consumptionof meat (OR=1.364，95%CI:1.126-1.652).Conclusions: The prevalence of MS among16years and older Shenzhen residentsestimated in this study was lower than the average level of the world and other cities;however, it was higher than that in Shenzhen in1997and2009, and the average level ofGuangdong’s city in2002.The highest prevalence of each MS component presented incentripetal obesity. For the multiple components MS, the highest prevalence presented incentripetal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension combined. Prevention of the MScomponents was the key to control the MS. First of all, the centripetal obesity should beprevented and the waistline should be control. Then the blood pressure, the blood glucoseand the blood lipid should be control. The intakes of meat, oil and salt were surfeit amongresidents16years or older in Shenzhen, and the intakes of beans and their products, milkand fruits were lack. Populations aged55-65years, or receive low or middle leveleducations, or work with low and middle intensity of occupational physical activity, ordivorced or widowed were high risk populations to suffer from MS. Old age, high BMI andimproper diet were the risk factors found by the multivariate analysis. TargetedComprehensive intervention measures should be carried out immediately. Those measuresincluded Improve people’s consciousness of health self-monitoring, Maintain appropriatephysical index, prevent overweight and obesity, enhance the intensity of physical activities,reasonablediet (low energy, low fat, low salt, eat more fruits and vegetables), prevent andcontrol the occurrence and development of MS, and reduce the incidence of cardiovascularand cerebrovascular diseases and risk of death.