Investigation To Rights And Interests Of The New Residents In The Urbanization Process

Urbanization is the indispensable stage from developing to developed countries. It is both a profound economic transformation and social change. On the one hand, it not only changed the specific people’s living space and living environment, but also changed their living and producing style. This change not only happened in aspect of social material life, but also happened in aspect of people’s spiritual life; On the other hand, it requires the legal system to provide feasible safeguard for the new urban residents, governments of different levels must closely focus on the functions of transforming for the new urban residents. On the same time, it requires the new urban residents to improve the ability of safeguard rights. However, because our urbanization has just developed, there are still many problems. These problems will limit the development of our urbanization, and it even will affect social stability and unity. Even though the experts in law, in sociology, in management and in economics all have been yielding good results in the field, but there are few original article on the specific study of safeguarding the new urban residents’ legal rights. So my paper based on the safeguard of the new urban residents’legitimate rights and interests not only has great realistic meanings, but also has great theory meaning. Excluding the introduction, the article mainly divided into four parts.The first part explains the basic theory. Firstly, I explain the concept of urbanization and the characteristics of China Urbanization. Urbanization includes the formal meaning and the substantial meaning. The formal meaning is a historical progress which includes the farmer constantly transformed into urban residents, the quantity of cities and towns increases unceasingly, the expansion of cities and towns and the developing of the economy. The substantial meaning is the urbanization of people, that is the farmer transforms into urban residents, in this process, the new urban residents not only achieve the transformation in identity and living area, but also achieve the transformation in inner quality, and they have the rights to public services and welfare treatments. The urbanization of our country has some characteristics, such as the level of urbanization is low, government is in the leading position, urbanization lack of the support of industrial demand, the level of urbanization development is unbalanced. Secondly, I explain the concept of the new urban residents and the characteristics of the new residents. In the process of urbanization, because of the subjective and objective factors, some people transform from rural areas to cities and towns, and living in towns forever, even though they achieve the transforming in identity, but they can’t achieve the transforming in lifestyle, cultural ideas, social rights and so on. We call these people as the new urban residents. The characteristics of the new urban residents include:their quantity is huge, their jobs are simplex, their live is marginality, they are in the weak position in cities and their historical status is vulnerable. In the end, I elaborated on the significance of safeguarding the new residents’ rights and interests. It is the important content of constructing harmonious society, it is the guarantee for improving urbanization, it is the demand of social justice, it is the important embodiment of "reigning for the people", it is the power force of economic development and it is the important precondition of development of both urban and rural places.The second part discusses the present situation of the new urban residents. It concretely discussed on the new urban residents’ survival right, development right and social security right.The third part mainly points out the causes of lacking rights and interests of the new urban residents. Broadly speaking, the causes include:imperfect legal systems, the government’s seriousness is lacking, the new urban residents’ indifference to laws.The forth part proposes the relative measures and suggestions. Ensuring the rights of the new urban residents is a systematic project, but our country lacks the experiences and lessons of solving this problem. At present, we should take the following measures: perfect the legal system, alter the function of the government, enhance the new urban residents’ legal consciousness, create appropriately social environment.