Space - Time Weighing And Synergy Of Ecosystem Services In Tianshui Economic Zone

With the rapid increasing economy, human population is also increasing speedily. The increasing spiritual and financial requirements enhanced the artificial interference to ecosystem directly or indirectly bring about chaos to the structure and function of ecosystem, which beyond their carrying capacity of the ecosystem.15 of the whole 24 ecosystems around the earth continues to worsen. So it’s important to pay attention and protect ecosystem. Complex interaction happened among ecosystem services. Our study based on the comprehension of production-possibility frontier, and applies it into the analysis of ecosystem services. We analyzed tradeoffs and synergies among multiple ecosystem services, and we also analysis the optimum allocation through scenario simulation, in order to provide scientific evidence to the development of ecosystem.Our study includes:(1) Calculated the values of ecosystem services. We calculated the values of grain production, carbon sequestration, soil conservation and water interception in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Region in 2000,2005 and 2010. (2) Correlation analysis of ecosystem services(between provisioning service(grain production) and regulating service(carbon sequestration, soil conservation and water interception), and between each ecosystem services) among economic region. (3) Analysis of trade-off and synergy among ecosystem service in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Region through production-possibility frontier. (4) Optimum allocation of ecosystem services. We have a simple analysis to the application of production-possibility frontier through scenario simulation. The following results are obtained through our study:(1)The correlations between ecosystem services. From the overall analysis of Guanzhong-Tiangshui economic region, both the correlation between food production and water interception and the correlation between food production and carbon sequestration, the correlation between food production and soil conservation are negative. The correlation between food production and soil conservation is small negative. This is because in the soil conservation model, the smaller of the slope, the small amount offer of the soil erosion, while the region of small slope is more suitable for grow food. Therefore this two factors is small negative. Carbon sequestration, water interception and soil conservation is positively correlated between each other.. Different land types corresponding different Ecosystem services. The service functions of woodland and grassland mainly concentrated in carbon sequestration and water interception, soil conservation is the second. What’s more, the functions of its carbon sequestration, water interception and soil conservation are mutually beneficial relationship together. The service functions of grain land mainly concentrated in food production and carbon sequestration, the function of soil conservation is not obvious.(2)The trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services. From the analysis of production-possibility frontier (PPF) of every tow Ecosystem services, we can conclude that:between carbon sequestration, water interception and soil conservation, there is coordinated growth relationship. The production-possibility frontier (PPF) of the three is almost a straight line. The average slope is constant, which means the three function collaborative development. The increase of carbon sequestration will promote water interception and soil conservation, improving the ecological environment together. The relationships between food production and carbon sequestration, food production and water interception, food production and soil conservation are weighed and competitive relationships.3 kinds of production-possibility frontier (PPF) are all outward "convex" shapes. From the left of the curve, the average slope gradual increase, which means the opportunity cost of improving the services is increase. The production-possibility frontier (PPF) of different elevations have big differences. And the production-possibility frontier (PPF) under different geomorphic types have similar shapes, but the total data has differences.(3)The optimal allocation of ecosystem services Pixels of carbon sequestration and food production, carbon sequestration and soil conservation are all predicted underneath the production-possibility frontier in diverse situation, which show that two types of scenarios both have potential for improvement. We could obtain optimal allocation by increasing the area of forestland and grassland, developing unused land, grain for green and increasing the food output per acre. And pixels are much more closer to the production-possibility frontier under protecting scenario, which reveals that protecting scenario are better than planning scenario.This paper analyzed trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Region based on production-possibility frontier, and analyzed the optimum allocation of ecosystem services through scenario simulation.