| In rencent year, with the continuous increase of vehicle population and the relative shortage of oil resources in our country, vehicle energy security supply pressure surge, increasingly from severe environmental deterioration of air quality, energy conservation and emissions reduction to become one of the main topics for the automotive industry in this century. Based on rich natural gas resources in Shaanxi province, the guanzhong region in a shaanxi province promote the use of alternative fuel natural gas, it have the favorable resources conditions. However, alternative fuel component is quite different with conventional gasoline or diesel, after burning pollutants emission characteristics and emissions have their own characteristics.So this article research emission characteristic of alternative fuel, Evaluate using natural gas fuel to reduce fine particulate matter from vehicle emission in guanzhong region.In this paper, the guanzhong region as the study area, through the research of natural gas vehicle real road emission test for its emission characteristics. On this basis of combining vehicle driving parameters, such as traffic flow, vehicle composition, and vehicle traffic characteristics in guanzhong region, then established CO, NOx, THC and particulate matter(PM) emission inventory from motor vehicle in 2012. And further carried out different reduce emission scenarios predicted, the natural gas fuel emissions reduction potential was analyzed, in order to provide technical support for decision makers to control the emissions. The main conclusions were given below:(1) The real road test results show that the natural gas vehicle pollutants emission rate and the speed has a good corresponding relation, with the increase of this vehicle running time, the pollutants emission rate tends to be stable. The natural gas vehicle pollutant emission factor decreases with increasing the speed, and each pollutant emission factor are lower than diesel vehicle emission factor. When the vehicle speed is high, four kinds of pollutants emission affected by the increase of the acceleration is not obvious, In 0-20 km/h low speed range, slow acceleration(0.1≤a<0.5m/s2) larger influence on pollutant emissions. CO emission factor of the natural gas vehicle is 0.913g/km,it was reduced by 57.22% on average than the diesel vehicle emission factor. average emission factor of NOx is 8.87g/km, it was reduced by 54%, compared with diesel. THC emission factor of natural gas vehicle is 1.556 g/km, it was reduced by 38% on average than the diesel vehicle emission factor. PM emission factor of natural gas vehicle is 0.015 g/km average reduced by 94.3%compared with the diesel vehicle. It is concerned that number concentrations of PM, the diesel vehicle PM number concentrations is 5.5×105 cm-3, it greater 1 order of magnitude than natural gas vehicle number concentrations.(2) In 2012, the emission of CO, NOx, THC, PM2.5 and PM10 from vehicle was 430.1kt, 87.7kt, 55.1kt, 4.28 kt and 5.82 kt, respectively. Analysis of the emission contributions by each type of motor vehicles reveals that, the two largest contributors of CO emission are passenger gasoline vehicle and motorcycle; for NOx emission, it should focus on control of diesel emission, mainly because a single diesel emission is larger; for THC, motorcycle should be the key type of vehicles to control; diesel vehicle are the main fleet to control PM emissions. Reduce the emission of particle matter in guanzhong region, it should strictly control the diesel emission, and encourage diesel fuel replacement for altermative fuel natural gas vehicle, this has significant effect to control particulate emissions.(3) Combined with requirements of the development of alternative fuel vehicle in Shaanxi province.Under the 2012 baseline scenario, four emission control scenarios are designed including: ① “eliminating Yellow Label Cars, natural gas car as a new car”, ②“all public transport vehicle using natural gas fuel”, ③“natural gas vehicle use 10%, 30% and 50% percentage instead of gasoline cars”and ④“natural gas vehicle use 10%, 30% and 50% percentage instead of diesel cars”. The scenario ① promises a bigger emission reduction, by cutting 5.68%, 18.46% of NOx, PM2.5 emissions. It is followed by “10+30 percentage instead of gasoline and diesel cars”, NOx and PM2.5 emission decreased by 2.92%,14.96% and12.72% respectively. And using alternative fuels(natural gas) replace 10% of gasoline car and 50% instesd of diesel car, for NOx, PM2.5 and PM10 emission, it could reduce the emissions by about 6.22%、25.64% and 21.88% respectively. The scenario ② reduction effect is not obvious, mainly due to the public transport vechicles in a small proportion of vehicle population in the guanzhong region. |
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