Germplasm Resources Evaluation Of The Wild Auricularia Mushroom

Antagonism, esterase isozyme electrophoresis, ITS and IGS2-RFLP analyses, combing with morphological characteristics,the activity of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCase), FPase (filter paper cellulase) and protease agronomic characters, were employed on the taxonomic identification and genetic diversity of 55 wild Auricularia spp. strains from China. The results are as follows:1.According to antagonism reaction, tested strains can be divided into different vegetative compatibility groups. strains chosen from every vegetative compatibility group were amplified with the primer of ITS1 and ITS4, and about 650bp segments were obtained. The results of sequencing and blasting experiments showed that the total 55 strains include 22 Auricularia auricular, 22 Auricularia polytricha, 6 Auricularia delicate, 3 Auricularia fuslosuccinea, separately collected from Heilongjiang,Jilin,Sichuan and Yunnan province.2.Optimum temperature , optimum pH, good resistance to high temperature mycelium growth rate were tested. The results show that most strains prefer the temperature between 27℃~29℃, and the pH 8.5~9.0,every strains showed obvious difference at morphological characteristics of the colonies and growth rate of the mycelium. high temperature resistance test showed that the characteristics of mycelium good resistance to high temperature have a positive correlation with the growth rate of mycelium,but the mechanism still need explore.3. The activity of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCase), FPase (filter paper cellulase) and protease of Auricularia spp. strains were tested,the results showed that the 3 enzymes activity of test stains have signifient differenve,and this results in accordance with the mycelium growth rate.4.28 strains of wild auricularia and 2 cultivated strains in China were determined using vertical flat-sheet polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Between 2～8 isoenzyme bands were identified from each strain , and a band with an Rf value of 0.813 was detected in all strains.Similarity coefficient values for the 30 strains ranged between 0.143 and 1.000,and the strains were separated into five groups at the level of 0.847 by NTSYS software :the first group mainly include cultivate strains, the second group mainly include north Auricularia auricula, the third group mainly include Sichuan Auricularia auricula, the fourth group mainly include Yunnan Auricularia auricula, the fifth group mainly include Auricularia polytricha,5. Auricularia auricula rDNA-IGS2 were digested with BstUⅠ、HpaⅡ、HinpⅠrestriction endonuclease .The electrophoretogram shows that there are 44 bands, Depending on the characteristics of the bands, test strains are divided into 2 groups with the coefficient is 0.71: the first group mainly include north Auricularia auricula, the second group mainly include south Auricularia auricula.6. Auricularia auricula agronomic characters were evaluated by cultivation experiment,the results told that the shape of fruit body and its color are different.the average biological efficiency is 40%,most lower than the cultivated strains.