The Survey Of Obsese Status And Risk Factors Of Pre-school Kids In The Kindergarten

【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of obesity in preschool children inSuzhou urban and suburban area and to analyze the risk factors for obesity.【Methods】 Using method of random cluster sampling,8kindergartens inSuzhou urban and rural areas were selected. Kindergarten distribution are as follows:Gusu District (Dalonggang kindergarten; Jintang kindergarten), Industrial Park (Jinjiakindergarten), Wujiang district (town: Shengze kindergarten; Village: Tongluokindergarten), Zhangjiagang city (town: Nanfeng kindergarten; village Nanfengkindergarten and Chennan kindergarten). Height and weight were measured in848preschool children in8kindergartens (3-7years old) with a unified instruments andmethods. Obesity was determined using WHO recommended height standard weightmethod, which is considered as overweight if more than10%of standard median,obesity if more than20%(more than20-29%as mild obesity, more than30-49%asmoderate obesity, more than50%as severe obesity). In addition, the self-designed"Suzhou3~6years old children’s nutritional status questionnaire" were finished byparents and kindergarten teachers. Teachers were randomly selected according to theclass number sequence each from3teachers. Questionnaire includes pre-school generalinformation, birth, feeding history, picky eaters, allergies, frequency of drinkingbeverages, physical activity, diet. Descriptive statistics analysis, t test and χ2, singlefactor and multi factors logistic stepwise stepwise regression analysis were performedusing SAS software.【Results】 There were1022children in8kindergartens. Of which,848childrenwere performed physical examination and their parents were investigated. The teacherissued120questionnaires,120valid questionnaires were recovered, the female of the teachers surveyed in118.In848children, the ratio of male to female was1.06:1. The number of children of3-years old,4-years old,5-years old,6-yeasr old and7-years old were87,192,355,190and23, respectively. Height was101.62±4.35cm,106.96±5.05cm,113.26±8.06cm,119.03±5.13and121.76±5.22cm, respectively. Weight was16.59±2.23kg,18.32±3.54kg,20.49±3.68kg,22.15±3.63kg and23.40±3.98kg, respectively. Each agegroup boy’s height was slightly higher than the girls’ height. With the increase of the age,height, body weight increased gradually（P≤0.05）.In the investigation,119(14%) and137(16.2%) children were overweight andobesity, respectively with53.78%of mild obesity in obese chilldren. The boy’s obesityrate is slightlt higher than the girls (15.3％vs12.7％，P>0.05) and the girl’s overweightrate was slightly higher than the boy’s（16.8%vs16.6%，P>0.05) without significance.Childhood obesity rate in town is higher than the suburbs（17.2%vs13.1%，P>0.05），While the suburbs children’s overweight rate is lower than the town（13.4%vs16.9%）.Different age groups found that obese children3years old group was the highest(16.1%),6years old group was the lowest (11.1%), But different age groups were notstatistically different (P>0.05).Single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the birth weight (1.45,95%CI1.10,1.91) and height (1.08,95%CI1.05,1.11) was a risk factor. Furthermultiariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (0.26,95%CI0.18,0.26) andarea (0.52,95%CI0.31,0.52) is obesity protective factors, The obesity rate increaseswith age andfell, the suburbs children’s obesity rate is higher than the town. In addition, heightstill is a risk factor for childhood obesity (OR=1.22,95%CI1.17,1.28).【Conclusion and Suggestions】 The survey found that the percentage ofoverweight and obesity in pre-school children was16.2%and14%, respectively. Theobesity rate decline with the increase of the age. Suburbs children’s obesity rate ishigher than the town. Therefore, we should pay close attention to low age (such as3year old age group) in pre-school children, overweight, obesity, controlling their diet,increase the outdoor sports opportunities. Secondly, the parents having preschool children should focus on nutrition education. In order to reduce and control theincidence of obesity in pre-school children nutrition knowledge level should beimproved and awareness of health should enhanced.