Occupational Exposure Manganese Workers’ Health Hazard And Its Related Factors Analytics

Objective：Through analysis of electrolytic manganese production enterprises, productionequipment, process flow, health protection measures, the on-site detection of manganese andits compounds produced in the production process, analysis of the damage degree and itseffect on the health of workers, protective measures and effect evaluation occupation diseaseharm, right does not meet the occupation hazard protection requirements of the workplacehealth protection measures proposed supplement, so that the enterprise can better implementthe relevant national occupation hygiene laws, regulations, rules and standards, control orreduce the occupation harm prevention and treatment of manganese, avoid manganesepoisoning, protect the worker’s health, and promote the national economy also to be gooddevelops quickly.Methods： Selected electrolytic manganese production enterprises in Ningxia as the projectimplementation unit; Using typical sampling method to determine representative workplaceswere manganese concentration detection, using cluster sampling method, all workers as thesample will be manganese concentration detection of the workplace, investigation for the rateof occupation health examination and occupation disease prevention knowledge awareness.Results：(1) From2011to2013years,the average concentration working environment of manganeseand its compounds in air and the highest concentration was decreased year by year, thedifference has statistically significant (P<0.05).(2) In2013, there are3points in the12monitoring points exceed the standard in the companyof manganese and its compounds in the air of workplaces of time weighted average concentration, the over standard rate is25%; according to the different kinds of occupationalharmful factors of different workshop, enterprises set corresponding engineering protectionfacilities, but individual workshop ventilation equipment is not normal operation.(3) Occupation disease prevention knowledge to the general awareness rate of manganeseexposed workers was75%, the awareness of the importance of personal protective equipmentused during the operation of the highest rate is98.3%, the awareness of what kind of physicalsymptoms is most likely to occur on long time exposure to manganese in the lowest rate of24.5%; in the occupation health related attitudes showed more positive attitude, occupationhealth exposure to manganese exposed workers, including97.2%workers agreed tooccupation health training is very necessary,92.6%workers agreed to the correct use ofpersonal protective equipment is very necessary; About50%of the people exposed tomanganese can develop good occupation health behavior, which has been able to correctexecution procedures accounted for61.3%, in the operation of personal protective equipmenthas been worn anti-dust masks, accounted for47.4%; In the analysis of influence ofoccupation health knowledge and related behavior formation factors, statistically significantfactors were age and education degree; the main way of workers to obtain knowledge isoccupation health training (99.6%) and announcement publicity column(84.2%).(4) Occupation health examination results of contact in workers exposed to manganese shows:there are30.7%workers’ examination results are abnormal,serum alanine aminotransferase,which is higher than that in the normal persons accounted for10%, blood pressure above thenormal range of20.5%, abnormal urine accounted for5%, accounting for4.8%of abnormalECG, blood abnormalities accounted for1.1%; clinical examination of nervous systemabnormalities0people, a total of176people, accounting for32.7%. Have abnormalsymptoms of fatigue, mental stress and depression, memory loss, headache, dizziness,insomnia, dreaminess, limb numbness. (5) Between the12workplace air determination of manganese and its compoundsconcentration and healthy physical indicators of abnormal rate have no relationship to theworkplace, divided manganese and its compounds in air of the inspection results intoqualified group and exceed the standard group, to compare the differences between the twogroups of workers anti-dust masks worn with statistical significance (P<0.05); after twoweeks of workers remade symptoms of nervous system occurred difference rate werestatistically significant (P<0.05), and exceed the standard set of workers nervous symptomincidence was higher than that of qualified group of workers anti-dust masks, wearing fourdifferent behavior (always, often, sometimes, never) was statistically significant differencesoccur probability workers nervous system symptoms (P<0.05), have been workers nervoussystem symptoms to wear anti-dust masks the lowest incidence was11.4%.Conclusion：(1) The situation of enterprise occupation health survey shows better, the layout isreasonable, manganese and its compounds in air concentration in the working environment isin the line of national health standards occupation, occupation health protection measuresare not very well, individual ventilation facilities are not the normal operation.(2)The rate of workers exposed to manganese have occupation health knowledge awareness isgenerally higher, but there is insufficient knowledge of the issues needed further training toenhance in the further, workers have a positive attitude of occupation health, occupationhealth behavior formation rate is low, length of service and education is the occupation healthknowledge and behavior of the main factors affecting the rate of the announcement, trainingand publicity column is the main way for workers to obtain occupation disease preventionknowledge.(3) Workers exposed to manganese occupation health examination results showed abnormalno significant increase in the indicators, but the symptoms of nervous system occurred rate reached32.7%, shows that there are still hidden occupation injury.(4) Workers exposed to manganese self protective behavior is poor, the phenomenon of notwear dust equipment requirements is relatively common, wear dust activities is correct or notaffect the health of workers seriously, occupation health management departments shouldincrease investment and strengthen supervision, enterprises must be equipped with perfectprotection facilities and personal protective equipment, strengthen worker training post, postand health education, improving self-protection consciousness of the workers, to guideworkers to develop healthy occupation habits.