| Objective:1. To analyze the distribution of common allergens in allergic rhinitis patients aged2-14in Zhuhai area,in order to provide a path to know the epidemic features ofchildren with AR, and supports epidemiologic materials to find better prevention,diagnosis and treatment for them.2. To analyze the clinical application value of serum sIgE and skin prick test.Hopeto select better allergen detection methods for the children.Methods:1. From Mar.2013to Mar.2014,1290children aged2-14who were suspected withallergic rhinitis by the doctor of ENT clinic in the Zhuhai Affiliated Hospital ofJinan University, were enrolled in this project. Using the serum specific IgEdetection methods to detect10kinds of common inhalant allergens in thosepatients, and the characteristics of those Inhalant allergens were analyzed in thedistribution, then analyze the number of different allergens, and the relationshipamong allergens and the gender, age and visiting time of every single patient.2.300children with dust mite allergen were randomly selected, parents of thosechildren were asked to complete a detailed questionnaire survey to collect relatedinformation.The valid questionnaires were278and the related risk factorscausing allergic rhinitis were analyzed. Then to perform the standardization skinprick test to those children, and two detection methods results were compared tohelp us understand the relationship between those.The characteristics of9kindsof common food allergens also analyzed in the results.Result:1. The ELISA data showed that the positive rate was83.64%(1079/1290), positive rates of allergens were as follows: dust mite (67.67%), dog’s hair (29.77%),cockroach(19.45%), cat’s hair(19.15%), mold(17.36%), mugwort(15.12%),Chinese parasol(14.34%), ragweed(14.26%), humulus lupulus(13.26%) andelm(11.09%). Children aged in2-6:positive rate was75.81%(395/521), positiverates of allergens were:dust mite(53.93%),dog’s hair(25.72%),cat’shair(18.04%),cockroach(16.89%),mold(16.12%),ragweed(14.40%),mugwort(13.05%), Chineseparasol and humulus lupulus (12.67%) and elm (10.94%); Children aged in7-12:total positive rate was89.66%(460/513), positive rates of allergens were: dustmite (77.97%), dog’s hair(31.19%), cockroach(21.05%), cat’s hair and mold(18.91%), mugwort (15.98%), Chinese parasol (15.20%), ragweed (13.06%),humulus lupulus (12.87%) and elm (11.89%); Children aged in13-14: totalpositive rate was87.50%(224/256), positive rates of allergens were: dust mite(75.00%), the dog’s hair (35.16%), the cat’s hair(21.88%),cockroach(21.48%),mugwort(17.58%), mold(16.80%), ragweed(16.41%), Chinese parasol(16.02%),humulus lupulus (15.23%), elm (9.77%).Group A’s positive rate of dust mite islower than group B’s (Χ2=65.363,P=0.000) and group C’s (Χ2=31.103,P=0.000);group A’s positive rate of dog’s hair is lower than group C’s (Χ2=6.997,P=0.008).2. In1290patients,904cases were male,763were positive, the total positive ratewas84.40%(763/904);386cases were female,316were positive, the totalpositive rate was81.87%(316/386), there was no statistical significancedifference in allergens of male and female groups(P<0.05). Group A’s totalpositive rate of male was75.62%(276/365), and total positive rate of female was76.28(119/156), there was no statistical significance difference between them(Χ2=0.003,P=0.959). Group B’s total positive rate of male was91.80%(336/366),and total positive rate of female was84.35%(124/147), and there was statisticalsignificance difference between them(Χ2=5.504,P=0.019<0.05), we can say thatgroup B’s total positive rate of male was higher than female. Group C’s totalpositive rate of male was87.28%(151/173), and total positive rate of female was89.16%(73/83), and there was no statistical significance difference between them(Χ2=0.051,P=0.822). A further comparison of every inhalant allergens in the distribution of male, female patients and the distribution among three age groupsshowed us that except the positive rate of dust mites of male was higher thanfemale in group B(Χ2=5.685,P=0.017<0.05), there were no significant differenceof positive rate of each inhalant allergens, and there were no significantdifference among different age groups of male, female patients (all P>0.05).3. AR patients aged2-14in Zhuhai area who were only allergic to one inhalantallergen accounted for364cases(28.22%), and who were allergic to two inhalantallergen accounted for249cases(19.30%), then who were allergic to one to fourinhalant allergens was71.01%. The rate of patients who were only allergic to oneinhalant allergen were higher than those who were allergic to two inhalantallergens(Χ2=27.808,P=0.000), and the rate of patients who were allergic to oneor two inhalant allergens were higher than those who were allergic to three ormore inhalant allergens (Χ2=33.957,P=0.000). The positive results of teninhalant allergens species decreased gradually and there had no statisticalsignificance of distribution of allergen species in gender and age(all P＞0.05).4. The number of visitors in July and August was more than those in other monthsin a year. There were no statistically significant differences among the positiverate of allergen in every month (Χ2=14.096,P=0.169). The dust mite had thehighest positive rate among10kinds of inhaled allergen in a year, and themaximum value appeared in July, which was76.65%(151/197).5. The SPT data of9kinds of common food allergens showed that25cases werepositive in278patients, total positive rate was8.99%(25/278), which was lowerthan the total positive rate of inhaled allergens(Χ2=608.153,P=0.000). the positiverates of allergens were as follows: milk(4.68%), shrimp(3.96%), crab(3.60%),egg white(3.24%), yolk(2.52%), soybean(2.16%), wheat(1.80%), sea fish andpeanut(0.72%). Children aged in2-6: total positive rate was11.54%(9/78), thepositive rates of allergens were: egg white(7.69%), milk(6.41%), crab(5.13%),shrimp(3.85%), soybean and wheat (2.56%), yolk and sea fish and peanut(1.28%);Children aged in7-12: total positive rate was7.33%(11/150), positive rates ofallergens were: milk(4.00%), shrimp and crab(2.67%), yolk(2.00%), egg white and soybean and wheat(1.33%), peanut(0.67%), sea fish was0; Children aged in13-14: total positive rate was10%(5/50), positive rates of allergens were:shrimp(8.00%), yolk(6.00%), milk and crab and soybean(4.00%), egg white(2.00%), wheat and sea fish(2.00%), penut was0.There was no statisticalsignificance difference in the9kinds of common food allergens of gender andage (P<0.05).6. Consistent positive diagnostic rate of8inhaled allergens (both of the twomethods are all positive and negative number/the number of detection) was high.It were reached68.71%to97.12%. Except the dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,mold and the dog’s hair, the positive rate of other5allergens were hadstatistically significant differences(P<0.05). The serum specific IgE detection rateof dermatophagoides farinae, the cat’s hair and ragweed was higher than the skinprick test detection rate, the serum specific IgE detection rate of cockroach andmugwort are lower those in the skin prick test. The consistency analysis of thetwo detection methods which was about the8kinds of inhaled allergens samplelevel comparison testing showed consistency of the two detection methods waslow, the value of coefficient of rank correlation was-0.260to0.332, and thevalue of Kappa was0.085—0.283. The Positive SPT level of dermatophagoidespteronyssinus and dermatophagoides farinae showed a highly positive correlation(rs=-0.716，P=0.000).7. In278AR patients, there were153cases with allergic diseases in their family,occupy55.04%(153/278);11cases were premature infant, occupy3.96%(11/278);160cases were cesarean infant, occupy57.55%(160/278);142cases’ breastfeeding were less than3months, occupy51.08%(142/278);137cases exposing topassive smoke, occupy49.28%(137/278);255cases with living in the roomusing air-condition, occupy91.73%(255/278);240cases with using mattress inthe bedroom, occupy86.33%(240/278);224cases with living in9floor below orbungalow, occupy80.58%(224/278);168cases with living in the building floorage older than10years, occupy60.43%(168/278);72cases with feeding animalsat home, occupy25.90%(72/278) and58cases with family decoration or purchasing furniture within a year, occupy20.86%(58/2278).Conclusion:1. The positive rate of the inhaled allergen which using the serum specific IgEdetection method was rather high in the patients aged2-14who were suspected asallergic rhinitis by doctors. Group A’s positive rate of dust mite is lower thangroup B’s and group C’s; group A’s positive rate of dog’s hair is lower than groupC’s.The SPT data of9kinds of common food allergens was much lower than thetotal positive rate of inhaled allergens. There had no relationship of distribution offood allergen species with gender and age.The positive rate of dust mite in thegroup B of male is higher than female.2. The dust mite had the highest positive rate among10kinds of inhaled allergen ina year.There was no correlation between the positive rate of allergen and the sexor the visiting month of patients.There had no relationship of distribution ofallergen species with gender and age.The rate of patients who were allergic to oneinhalant allergen were higher than those who were allergic to two or moreinhalant allergens.3. The total positive rate of two detection methods was high, and the consistency ofpositive rate was high. But the consistency analysis of two detection methodswhich was about the allergens’ level compare was low.4. The family history, the condition of birth and feeding, living environment werethe related risk factors of the allergic rhinitis patients aged2-14. |
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