Neural Electrophysiological Testing In Diagnosis Of Children With Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder

Objective:The purpose of this article is through the study the characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with electroencephalography (EEG) and event related potential (ERP), to explore the the reliability of EEG and the ERP application in clinical diagnosis of ADHD, sensitivity and feasibility.Methods:Selection of children in July 2013 to December 2014 to our hospital for children with ADHD (DSM-5) in a total of 115 people, male 85, female 30, age 7-12 years old, the han nationality. Mental condition and in good health, no other major disease, nervous system diseases, severe mental disorders and learning difficulties, etc., there is no excitement medication or stop taking at least 48 hours; IQ≥80; The CPRS scale T> 60. Control children choose to receive physical examination in our children at the same period, and no significant clinical symptoms of ADHD, by age, gender, IQ and ADHD children matched group, total:96 people, male 71, female 25. All are divided into small age groups according to age (7-9 years old) and older group (10-12 years old).The into the group of resting EEG detection were analyzed, basic EEG record clear quiet condition, divided into the open and close eyes part every 2 minutes; After continuous execution test (CPT) cognitive Go-NoGo ERP testing for 5 minutes.The EEG data using independent component analysis (ICA) filtering correction, eliminate eye movement and others for pseudo differential motion, a Eemagine3.0 software system for Fourier transform (FFT), computing the power density spectrum. Calculate four band (delta:1.5-3.5 Hz, theta:3.5-7.5 Hz, alpha:7.5-12.5 Hz, beta:12.5-25 Hz) of absolute power, and theta/beta power ratio. Calculate the CNV and P3 amplitude ERP test.Calculation Cz theta power correlation with ageOf each band (theta, beta) absolute power, theta/beta ratio, ERP components (CNV, P3) group differences between inspection, focuses on comparison among three electrodes (Fz, Cz, Pz), under different state (open and close my eyes) of significant effect.P< 0.05 is significant effect; 0.05 acuities were P< 0.1 for trend effect; 0.1 acuities were P< 0.2 for close to trend effect.Comparison between various clinical subtypes (theta, beta) absolute power, theta/beta ratio change analysisDiscriminant analysis is used to distinguish between ADHD and the control group, to analyze each EEG single index, then all index into step by step analysis, calculating the sensitivity of the criterion and specific and overall accuracy.Results:Each assessment scale (CPRS, CBCL, ADPRS) project score in research group and the control group had significant difference between, but there were no significant difference, age, gender, IQ.Cz-eo theta power of ADHD group compared with normal control group there were significant differences (P< 0.05); Cz-ec, Fz-ec, Fz-eo, Pz-eo has increased 0.05 or less (p< 0.1).Cz-eo, Cz-ec, Pz-eo, Pz-ec beta trends to be higher than normal control group only close to 0.1 or less (p< 0.2).Theta/beta power ratios increased only in Cz point (ec, eo) present higher close to trend (0.05 or less (p< 0.1), no significant change.Hybrid of theta than other subtypes of ADHD significantly higher (P< 0.05), attention deficit type beta waves showed a trend of increase of 0.05 or less (P< 0.1).Effect because of the age theta (Cz) has a linear negative correlation with age, the size of the power the power of the higher brain maturity, theta is smaller (P< 0.05).ERP detect CNV-Pz and Nogo-P3-Cz have significant differences between groups (P< 0.05), CNV-Cz and Nogo-P3-Pz present trend effect (0.05<P<0.1).Several factors (age, electrode, state) interaction effects, the role of age, the largest state factors (ec, eo) is the most widely effect, electrode factors effect is minimal.Separate application theta-Cz-ec, beta-Cz-ec, beta-Cz-eo discriminant analysis of the overall accuracy of 50%or more, a number of indicators collaborative analysis can improve the discrimination to 60-70%. ERP testing NoGo-P3-CPT sensitivity of 63%,61%. Joint resting EEG and ERP measurement, and can accurately identify 73% of children with ADHD.Conclusions:Neural electrophysiological testing in the children’s attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis and treatment can play a good auxiliary diagnosis function, age and state the influence play an important role,such as joint clinical examination and mental assessment will play a positive role in guiding.