| Objective:To detect the macular retinal thickness of children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia using Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)and explore the morphological changes of amblyopic retina, expecting new evidence for diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Children from the department of ophthalmology in the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2013 to February 2015, whose clinical datas were recorded were included. Finally 51 children(ages 5-7 years) meeted the inclusion criteria were selected, including 24 cases with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia, 14 cases with treated hyperopia anisometropic amblyopia and 13 cases with normal vision. Binocular macular retinal thickness of all children were carried out by frequency domain OCT examination. The retinal thickness in all macular areas(A1-A9) were recorded. Analysis by the following four groups using proper statistical method: Comparison of self-matching in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic children:amblyopic eyes group A(24 eyes), fellow non-amblyopic eyes Group B(24 eyes); Comparison of self-matching in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic children:treated amblyopic eyes group C(14 eyes), treated fellow non-amblyopic eyes Group D(14 eyes); Comparison among amblyopic eyes group A(24eyes), treated amblyopic eyes group C(14 eyes) and normal eyes group E(26 eyes);Comparison among fellow non-amblyopic eyes Group B(24 eyes), treated fellow non-amblyopic eyes Group D(14 eyes) and normal eyes group E(26 eyes)Result:1 The average ages of hyperopic anisometropic children, treated hyperopic anisometropic children and normal children were 5.92±0.78 years, 6.07±0.73 years, and 6.00±0.82 years. There was no significantly difference among them.2 The retinal thickness in all macular areas(A1-A9) in every group showed normal distribution and equal variance.3 The central macula area(A1)(243.74±19.11μm, 258.74±27.11μm, 259.67±24.36μm) was significantly the thinnest of the nine areas, and the average thickness of inner macular circle(A2-A5)(301.32±20.62μm, 305.16±21.63μm, 299.35±27.48μm) was significantly thicker than the average thickness of outer macular circle(A6-A9)(268.75±17.61μm, 282.43±17.27μm, 283.11±20.32μm) in normal eyes, treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and treated fellow non-amblyopic eyes(P<0.05). There was no significantly difference between retinal thickness of central macular area(A1)(278.05±31.74μm, 271.67±26.71μm) and average thickness of outer macular circle(A6-A9)(286.52±24.86μm, 281.23±20.13μm) in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and fellow non-amblyopic eyes(P>0.05), and the inner macular circle(A2–A5)(306.27±32.41μm, 299.79±27.47μm) was significantly the thickest(P<0.05).4 There was no significantly difference in all macular circle(A1-A9) between hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and fellow non-amblyopic eyes(P >0.05).5 There was no significantly difference in all macular circle(A1-A9) between treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and treated fellow non-amblyopic eyes(P>0.05).6 The retinal thickness of central macular area(A1) and four outer macular areas(A6–A9) of both hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes group and treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes group were significantly thicker than normal eyes group before or after adjusting for age, gender and refraction(P<0.05). The central macular area(A1) of hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes was significantly thicker than treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes before or after adjusting for age, gender and refraction(P<0.05). There was no significantly difference in the rest areas among the three groups before or after adjusting for age, gender and refraction(P>0.05).7 The retinal thickness of central macular area(A1) and four outer macular areas(A6–A9) of both fellow non-amblyopic eyes group and treated fellow non-amblyopic eyes group were significantly thicker than normal eyes group before or after adjusting for age, gender and refraction(P<0.05). The central macular area(A1) of hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes was significantly thicker than treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes before or after adjusting for age, gender and refraction(P<0.05). There was no significantly difference in the rest areas between the two groups before or after adjusting for age, gender and refraction(P>0.05).Conclusion:1 The distribution of macular retinal thickness in normal eyes, treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and treated fellow non-amblyopic eyes were consistent.The central macular area was the thinnest, and inner macular area was thicker than outer macular area in the three groups. The distribution of macular retinal thickness in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and fellow non-amblyopic eyes were consistent. The central macular area has no deference with outer macular area, and both were thinner than inner macular area.2 The central retinal macular area and four outer macular areas in both hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes group and treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes group were thicker than normal eyes. The central retinal macular area of hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes was thicker than treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes. Those changes may be related to the pathogenesis of amblyopia. The treatment may not recover the changes thoroughly.3 Both hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes group and treated hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes group have no difference with their fellow groups. The pathogenesis of Hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia may affect the two eyes even it is not amblyopic.4 The change of Macular retina in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic children, which may be, have nothing to do with age, gender and refraction. |
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