| As the most common eye disease in children around the world,amblyopia is the main reason which retarding the development of children’s vision.According to the statistics,the incidence of children’s amblyopia now is 3%-5% around the world,and this figure will continue to rise with the increase of global population.Among the amblyopia children,hyperopia amblyopia accounted for a large proportion.At present,the pathogenesis of amblyopia is not clear,it is known that amblyopia occurs in the critical period of visual developmental stage that is 0-3 years old.The abnormal visual experience result in amblyopia which the monocular or binocular best corrected vision decreased but ther is no organic lesions.In the existing studies,some scholars proposed that the structure of macular area in amblyopia children was abnormal,and the retinal thickness of each macular area was changed,but there is no definite conclusion at present.In our clinic,there always have association between the occurrence of amblyopia and the fixation nature.The existing research shows that there is a lot of cone cell gathered in central fovea of macular which react the light and color with high definition,master the elaborate human vision,so we proved that the normal vision based on foveal fixation,but there is no specific corresponding relationship between fixation nature and retinal thickness in each macular area.Amblyopia is not incurable,but it should be detected and treated as early as possible.It is known that visual function has certain plasticity during the sensitive period of visual development from 0 to12 years old.Therefore,early intervention and treatment are of great significance.Optical coherence tomography utilizes infrared light to perform tomography image of macular area,and its non-contact characteristics can make it more acceptable to children.Therefore,optical coherence tomography is widely applied to detect the thickness of macular area in amblyopia children.The purpose of our study is to measure the thickness in the macular area of the fundus in children arranged from 4 to 8 years old with hyperopia amblyopia by optical coherence tomography,and to investigate the correlation between the fixation nature and the retinal thickness in each macular area and the changes in the relevant factors of hyperopia amblyopia.Objective :To discuss the correlation between fixation nature and macular thickness,in addition,to investigate the variations of macular thickness and other related factors in hyperopic ametropic amblyopic children ranged from 4 to 8 years old by measuring each area’s macular thickness,fixation nature and length of optic axis.Methods:Prospective controlled study trials.Totally 44 children with 57 eyes who admitted to the hospital for the first time without any amblyopia training before from September 2018 to December were included in this study.36 eyes from hyperopic ametropic amblyopic children were enrolled in hyperopia group and 21 eyes from children with normal vision were enrolled in healthy controls.The OCT was used to measure the macular retinal thickness in both.Meanwhile,the OCT was also used to measure the macular retinal thickness in 22 central fixation eyes and 14 eccentric fixation eyes from hyperopia group which examined by direct ophthalmoscope,and the data were analyzed by SPSS19.0 statistical software.Results:The retinal thickness of central sector and nasal quadrant in inner ring of eccentric fixation group was thicker than it of central fixation which represents the statistical significance.However,there is no significance of two groups ’ retinal thickness differences between other sectors of the macular(P>0.05).Besides,hyperopia amblyopia group’s retinal thickness of central sector or region and nasal、inferior quadrant in inner ring and superior quadrant in outer ring was thicker than it of normal control groups which reveals the statistical meaning(P<0.05).Otherwise,the data of two groups’ retinal thickness in other sectors of the macular.shows no significance(P>0.05).The length of optic axis in hyperopic amblyopic eyes is shorter than it in normal eyes(P<0.05)).Conclusion:The retinal thickness of central sector and nasal quadrant in inner ring of eccentric fixation children was thicker than it of central fixation children.Hyperopia amblyopia children’s retinal thickness of central sector or region and nasal、inferior quadrant in inner ring and superior quadrant in outer ring was thicker than it of normal children.The length of optic axis in hyperopic amblyopic children is decrease. |
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