The Prevalence And Related Factors Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In School Children Of Lanzhou City

Objective:In order to provide the basis for effective prevention and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in school-age, the prevalence and related factors of ADHD in school-age children that aged 6-13 years old of Lanzhou City were investigated and analyzed.Methods:Taking Stratified random sample to investigate the school-age children that aged 6-13 years old in four areas of Lanzhou city (cheng-guan, Qi-lihe, An-ning and Xi-gu District). Totally 3604 children of 8 schools 48 classes in Lanzhou were included, in which 1826 males(50.7%) and 1778 females(49.3%), with a mean age of (9.45±1.41)years and(9.33±1.75)years respectively. Using the Conners Rating Scale (parent questionnaire PSQ) to primary screen these children. Establish the diagnosis of ADHD in accordance with the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Mental Disorders, and then excluded those with mental retardation and neurological diseases, or complicated with other mental disorders by pediatric neurologist and psychiatrist if the result is positive. All data on related factors of ADHD that provided by parent’s questionnaire was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software.Results: ①The total prevalence rate of ADHD in school-age children was 10.63% (383),13.91% for boys and 7.25% for girls, the result was statistically significant (χ2=36.982,p<0.001), the 8-9 years old group had the highest prevalence(11.52%). ②The prevalence of various subtypes of ADHD was 7.13% of attention deficit type(ADHD-PI),1.02% of hyperactive-impulsive type(ADHD-HI)and 2.46% of mixed (ADHD-CT) respectively, and there was statistically difference in these subtypes(x2=214.739,p<0.001).③)Only the score in "psychosomatic problems" behavior factor,there was statistically significant difference between different subtypes of ADHD (F=3.731,p<0.05), different gender has no statistically significance in the different behavior factors between each subtypes of ADHD (p>0.05). Children’s behavioral problems of PI type focused on "learning and psychosomatic problems", and HI type focused on "conduct, impulse and anxiety". Children’s behavioral problems of CT type were relatively complex, which involving various behavior factors. ④All these were ADHD related factors (the gender, history of asphyxia, central nervous system disease, language development, learning difficulties, antenatal depression anxiety, smoking during pregnancy, family economic income, mother s age and educational level, relationship between parents and kids, intake of snacks or cold drinks, daily life habits or physical experience and dependents) that were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Conclusion:The total prevalence rate of ADHD in school-age children was 10.63%, and it’s higher in Boys than that in girls. The 8-9 years old group had the highest prevalence and ADHD-PI was the main type. These results were basically consistent with the research of ADHD in our country’s. There were different children’s behavioral problems in different subtypes of ADHD. Both the biological factors and family environment factors affected the occurrence of ADHD together. Those children in vulnerable families were the focus of prevention and treatment of ADHD. It’s effectively to reduce the occurrence of ADHD in school-age children to have a good pregnancy and neonatal care, to develop children’s regular habits in learning and life and to create a harmonious family environment.