| Because the low immunity and side-effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-infected patients are easily infected by opportunistic pathogens to lead the incidences of skin itch reaching to71.4%. Moreover, the present clinical therapeutic scheme that it is mainly oral antihistamine drugs,5-HT receptor antagonists and glucocorticoid drugs, is proved to possessing intensive side-effects and the abilities of interacted with Anti-HIV treatment.Base on the experience of dermatosis in traditional Chinese medicine treatment and the theoretical guidance of therapeutic effect of external using drugs correspond with that of oral administration, compound He-Qin antipruritic liniment consist of Arisaema Calcareum, Zingiber striolatum and Scutellaria baicalensis have been researched out to treat skin itch of HIV infectors. The compound prescription with detoxification, detumescence, dehumidification, and antipruritic action has good effects on treat skin itch of HIV infectors as a hospital preparation. To fill requirements of new drugs research and application, the paper mainly showed pharmacodynamics experiment and possible mechanism, acute toxicity test, skin stimulant experiment, skin allergy experiment, long-term toxicity test, and toxicity test of hypertoxic Arisaema Calcareum.In the pharmacodynamics experiment, the main job is exploration of plausible mechanism of relieving itching and anti-anaphylaxis of He-Qin antipruritic liniment through observing following tests:the inhibition of mice skin-scratching response induced by4-aminopyridine (4-AP), dextran-40and chloroquine; the effect on guinea pig skin-scratching behavior induced by histamine diphosphate monohydrate; the effect on mice capillary permeability induced by histamine and the delayed type hypersensitivity of mice induced by2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNFB) were utilized. In results, the compound prescription showed moderate antipruritic, antiphlogistic and antiallergic effects, and the mechanism may be connected with reducing the content of IL-4in mice serum and partial capillary permeability. In addition, we use the steel circle method for cultivating ten common pathogens in Petri dish, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, hormodendrum compactum, Hormodendrum pedrosoi, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton gypseum, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton verrucosum and Microsporum canis. Then, the different degree effects on antibiotic action of He-Qin antipruritic liniment solution (2:1,1:1,1:8,1:16, and1:32) were studied by this experiment in vitro.In the preliminary study on safety evaluation, we do some experiments as following including the acute oral toxicity test of ethanol extracts from Arisaema Calcareum, the acute skin toxic test of rabbits, the skin irritation test of rabbits, the guinea pig skin allergic test, and the long-germ toxicity test about drug using for4weeks and2weeks after drug stopping. The experimental results show that ethanol extracts (crude drugs2.5g/mL) from Arisaema Calcareum have no evident toxicity. He-Qin antipruritic liniment have no obvious toxicity for the skin of rabbits, whereas have certain stimulation for the damaged skin of rabbits and the partial skin of rabbits closed up14th days after drug stopping. The skin of guinea pig was unobserved allergic reaction in the skin allergic test and undiscovered evident toxic reaction in the dosage range. Hereto, No obvious abnormality is found except for slight upward tendency of serum total protein (TP) of the intact skin test group. This is a reliable dose range of He-Qin antipruritic liniment (1.5g/mL/Kg.bw), convert into plant materials (3.0g/Kg.bw) and equivalent to20times as adult clinical maximum dose.As the above results, He-Qin antipruritic liniment with antipruritic, antiphlogistic, antiallergic, and antibiotic effects, no evident toxicity, is safe, effective and rational in clinic to provide reliable evidence and referenced information. |
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