The Relationship Between Salt Intake And Albuminuria In Patients With Diabetes

[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between daily salt intake and albuminuria in patients with type2diabetes mellitus (T2DM).[Methods]A total of596patients with T2DM were divided into three groups according to their24-h urinary sodium excretion (24hUNa) levels as follows:low,<186.79mmol/day; middle,186.79-240.86mmol/day; and high,>240.86mmol/day. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of high or low salt intake on albuminuria, defined as a urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR)>30mg/g.[Results]The highest ACR was found inT2DM patients with high24hUNa levels. After adjustment for several variables, the odds ratio (OR) of albuminuria was1.93(95%confidence interval (CI)1.18-3.15, P=0.009) in the patients with high24hUNa levels compared to those with middle24hUNa levels. No difference in albuminuria was found between patients with low and middle24hUNa levels.T2DM patients with middle or high24hUNa levels had a higher risk for albuminuria if they also had hypertension. The ORs of albuminuria were3.55(95%CI1.42-8.87, P=0.007) and3.70(95%CI1.41-9.74, P=0.008) for middle and high24hUNa in patients with hypertension, respectively, as compared to those without hypertension. [Conclusions]High salt intake, especially when it coexists with hypertension, was associated with an increased risk of albuminuria in T2DM patients.