| Backgrounds:Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a leading cause of acute and chronic liver diseases including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which ranks as the third cause of cancer deaths worldwide. WHO estimates that at least 2 billion people have been infected with HBV globally. Over 350 million are chronically infected. An estimate 500–700thousand people die for HBV-related diseases each year,and 4.5 million newly infected cases occur each year,and a quarter of these may progress to chronic liver diseases. China used to be a high endemic area of HBV infection. HBV related liver disease is still a serious burden of liver diseases in China currently. By 2006,97 million people are chronic HBV carriers and at least 20 million of them suffer from active HBV infection. In China, the first home-made plasma-derived vaccine became available in 1986. In 1992, the Ministry of Health recommended hepatitis B vaccine for routine immunization of infants. In 2002, China government integrated hepatitis B vaccine into Expanded Program for immunization. After hepatitis B vaccine era, prevalence of HBs Ag is decreasing, particularly in children. Universal childhood immunization with three doses of hepatitis B vaccine in the first year of life is a highly effective method for prevention and control of hepatitis B.Objectives:Due to the introduction and implementation of planned immunization in 1992 and antiviral treatment of hepatitis B virus infection, the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection has changed greatly. Through the detection of hepatitis B markers, we intend to understand the epidemic situation of HBV serological markers since implementation of hepatitis B vaccination policy. Thus we gain access to the latest large sample research data.Methods:231,533 inpatients without liver diseases were selected randomly in the First Hospital of Jilin University from January, 2010 to October, 2014. HBs Ag, HBs Ab, HBe Ag, HBe Ab, HBc Ab were detected in them by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay.Results:Firstely,in the group of patients with non liver diseases, according to age, subjects were divided into 9 groups, 0-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, 71-80 years old, 81 years old respectively. The total positive rate of HBs Ag was 4.86%(11258/231533), the total positive rate of male was 5.35%(6501/121428), the total positive rate of female was 4.32%(4757/110105). HBs Ag positive rate was 0.30%(87/28901) in 0-10 years, 1.96%(186/9508) in 11-20 years, 6.92%(2976/43036) in 41-50 years and it was lowest in thoses under 20 years old and was highest in 41-50 years. There are significant differences between genders(χ2=727.546, P< 0.05). HBs Ab total positive rate was 48.73%(112816/231533). The male positive rate was 49.34%(59907/121428) and female positive rate was 48.05%(52909/110105).Among them, the higher positive rate lies under 20 years of age, which is 68.58%(19819/28901)in 0-10 years, 60.77%(5778/9508) in 11-20 years respectively. The total positive rate of HBc Ab was 25.09%(58090/231533),.The positive rate of male was 26.25%(31879/121428),and the positive rate of female was 23.81%(26211/110105). There are significant differences between genders. Among them, the positive rate was the highest in people over 81 years old, 38.20%(1845/4830).Secondly,according to the history of HBV vaccination in China,we divided patients into 5 groups from different periods: group 1, born prior to 1985; group 2, between 1985 and 1991; group 3, between 1992 and 2001; group 4, between 2002 and 2009; group 5, after 2010. HBs Ag positive rate is 0.23%(37/16174) in group 5,significantly lower than other groups(χ2=1641.400, P < 0.05). HBs Ag positive rate which began to decline due to the implementation of the Expanded Program on Immunization for HBV from 1992 in China, and further decreased in 2002.Conclusion:Compared with the results of HBs Ag epidemiology in 2006, the positive rates of HBs Ag were significantly decreased, and there were significant differences in the age and sex of the inpatients in Jilin province. HBs Ag infection rate significantly decreased due to the implementation of the strategy of hepatitis B vaccination. The number of people getting hepatitis B vaccine is growing. This effectively reduce the infection rate of hepatitis B virus. |
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