Effects Of Low-Salt Diet On The Different Antihypertensive Drugs

Objective:To compare the antihypertensive effects of 3 typess of antihypertensive drugs (Losartan 100mg, Losartan 50mg/ Hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) 12.5mg, Irbesartan 150mg/HCTZ 12.5mg) in different salt intake level.Methods:180 patients with mild-moderate primary hypertension participated in this randomized controlled clinical trial, and were randomized into a low-salt diet (LSD) group and a non-low-salt diet (NLSD) group; each group included three subgroups:a losartan 100mg group, a losartan 50mg/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5mg group, and a irbesartan 150mg/HCTZ 12.5mg group. The LSD group received a diet in which the sodium content was strictly controlled (2.3g/d). It included two ways to get the blood pressure (BP):office BP and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Blood pressure was observed before and after 2 months treatment. After that, we compared and analyzed the blood pressure level of different groups. Finally,175 patients completed the study.Results:Following 2 months of treatment, the office BP, the 24-h mean BP, and the morning BP were each significantly lower (P<0.01). There was no statistically difference among the 3 subgroups that received the LSD (P>0.05). In the NLSD group, the losartan 50mg/HCTZ 12.5mg group and the irbesartan 150mg/HCTZ 12.5mg group were characterized by the same antihypertensive efficacy (P>0.05), whereas a statistically significant difference was noted when both were compared with the losartan 100mg group, in which the antihypertensive effects noted were weaker (P<0.05). The blood pressure of the patients that received a LSD decreased more than NLSD group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Different salt level affects the antihypertensive effect of drugs. A low-salt diet exerts synergistic BP-lowering effects.