| Objective:To study the distribution characteristics of physical development index of Korean-Chinese and Han nationality students in Yanbian area so as to provide the corresponding information for the research of physical growth and development of children and adolescents and the guidance for the school health care.Methods:By using a cluster sampling method,3159 of students (2 213 of Korean-Chinese, 946 of Han nationality), aged 8-12 years old, were selected in 3 of primary schools from June,2010 and June,2012, and all subjects knew the informed consent. At choosing the subjects, other ethnic and hybrid ethnic students were excluded in order to more accurately compare the differences between two ethnic groups. The relevant information was collected by the standardized questionnaire. Physical examination was carried out in the early morning after 12 hour fasting, and the height (cm), weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) were measured by using the standardized methods, and the mean and percentile (P10, P85 and P95) was calculated in groups, and the distribution difference of physical development index between different national students was analyzed. Nutritional Status were screened by the standard values of height and weight of 7-22 year-old Chinese students (weight-for-height, 1985) and the WGOC age- and gender-specific BMI cut-offs. The P85 and P95 of BMI were compared with overweight and obesity recommended by WGOC. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 17.0 statistical software. Normal distribution measurement data were examined by t-test and analysis of variance, the numeration data were compared with the Chi-square test.Results:(1) The average height in Korean-Chinese and Han nationality male students was 143.09±10.69 and 139.21±9.46, and that in female students was 143.08±10.52 and 138.22±10.23, respectively, and the ethnic differences were significant in both sexes (tboy=7.136, tgirl=8.502; all P<0.0001), and the average height of primary school students in this area was progressively higher with increasing age (FK-boy==2440.147, FH-boy=1106.588, FK-girl=3147.320, FH-girl=1448.040; all P<0.0001). The average body weight in Korean-Chinese and Han nationality male students was 38.37±11.20 and 34.41±10.19, and that in female students was 37.75±10.67 and 32.75±9.05, respectively, and the ethnic differences were significant in both sexes (tboy=6.846,tgirl=9.568; all P<0.0001), and the body weight of primary school students in this area was progressively higher with increasing age(FK-boy=702.094, FH-boy=250.931, FK-girl=1037.084, FH-girl=403.717; all P<0.0001). The BMI in Korean-Chinese and Han nationality male students was 18.43±3.50 and 17.46±3.37, and that in female students was 18.13±3.35 and 16.86±2.89, respectively, and the ethnic differences were significant in both sexes (tboy=5.131,tgirl=7.631; all P<0.0001), and the BMI of primary school students in this area was progressively higher with increasing age (FK-boy=100.289, FH-boy=28.879, FK-girl=192.764, FH-girl=47.303; all P<0.0001).(2) The locus values of P85 and P95 of BMI in Korean-Chinese and Han nationality male students were 22.4 and 25.3,20.8 and 24.6, and the D-values of P85 and P95 were 1.6 and 0.7, respectively. The locus values of P85 and P95 of BMI in Korean-Chinese and Han nationality female students were 21.3 and 24.2, and 19.4 and 22.6, and the D-values of P85 and P95 were 1.9 and 1.6, respectively. As compared with overweight and obesity recommended by WGOC, the locus values of P85 and P95 of BMI were higher in the primary school students of this area (1.3-2.8 of D-values).(3) According to weight and height criteria, the detection rate of malnutrition, overweight and obesity was 12.4%,13.5% and 23.3% in Korean-Chinese male students, and 19.4%, 9.7% and 16.5% in Han nationality male students, and 16.6%,13.7% and 19.4% in Korean-Chinese female students, and 23.1%,9.5% and 12.0% in Han nationality female students, respectively, and the detection rate of malnutrition had no significant differences between Korean-Chinese and Han nationality students in both sexes (X2boy=3.458, X2girl=1.495; all P>0.05), and the detection rate of overweight (X2boy=4.588,X2girl=5.963; all P<0.05) and obesity (X2boy=9.450,X2girl=13.593; all P<0.01) in Korean-Chinese students was higher than that in Han nationality students. According to WGOC criteria, the detection rate of malnutrition, overweight and obesity was 4.1%,15.7% and 14.4% in Korean-Chinese male students, and 9.3%,10.1% and 9.3% in Han nationality male students, and 16.6%, 13.7% and 19.4% in Korean-Chinese female students, and 23.1%,9.5% and 12.0% in Han nationality female students, respectively, and the detection rate of malnutrition (X2boy=8.888, X2girl=6.688; all P<0.01) in Korean-Chinese students was lower than that in Han nationality students, and the detection rate of overweight (X2boy=7.042,X2girl=7.207; all P<0.01) and obesity(X2boy=8.552,X2girl=10.431; all P<0.01) in Korean-Chinese students was significantly higher than that in Han nationality students.Conclusion:(1) The distribution characteristics of physical development indexes is significant differences between the Korean-Chinese and Han nationality students in Yanbian area, and the average level of physical development indexes are significantly higher in Korean-Chinese students than in Han nationality students. (2) The locus values of P85 and P95 of BMI are significantly higher in Korean-Chinese students than in Han nationality students and that are higher in the students of Yanbian area than the standard values of WGOC. (3) The detection rates of malnutrition by two criteria are lower in Korean-Chinese students than in Han nationality students, but that of overweight and obesity are higher in Korean-Chinese students than in Han nationality students, and malnutrition in Han nationality students is popular, and prevalence of overweight and obesity in Korean-Chinese students has reached the epidemic level. The results indicate that the work of improving students’ physical fitness and health and nutrition is carried out in different methods to the different ethnic groups in this area, and it would be contributory to the growth and development of adolescents. (4) The detection rates of malnutrition, overweight and obesity are different by using the two criteria, and it is suggested that the screening and diagnosis of overweight and obesity for adolescents and obesity-related study are carried out by using the appropriate BMI reference norm. |
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