| Objective:To understand the status of health literacy, social support and health status of elderly patients with chronic diseases;To analysis the differences in demographic characteristics between health literacy, social support and health status in elderly patients with chronic diseases;To analysis of the correlation between health literacy, social support and health status of elderly patients with chronic diseases.Methods:This study is a non-experimentally research,using convenience sampling method, in Changchun and Yanji,550 elderly patients with chronic disease were selected,550 questionnaires were distributed,534 questionnaires were recovered, and the effective rate was 97.1%.The research instruments have general situation questionnaire, chronic illness health literacy survey scale, social support scale, health status scale. As for the collected information,the processing and analysis。of data were performed by using SPSS 17.0 statistical software;The general demographic characteristics, health literacy, social support and health status of elderly patients with chronic diseases were described by frequency, mean, percentage, standard deviation and so on. ANOVA test and independent sample T test were used to analyze the differences in demographic characteristics of health literacy, social support and health status in elderly patients with chronic diseases;Using Pearson correlation analysis to study the correlation between health literacy, social support and health status in elderly patients with chronic disease.Results:(1) In the survey of 534 middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases, there are 256 people only suffering from a chronic disease, accounting for 47.9%. There are 190 people suffering from two kinds of chronic diseases,accounting for 35.6%.There are 88 people suffering from three or more chronic diseases, accounting for 16.5%. In the study, the highest proportion of patients with hypertension(59.6%), followed by coronary heart disease(34.1%), diabetes(31.6%). hyperlipidemia(14.2%), stroke(11.2%),cancer(9.2%),other chronic diseases(13.1%).(2) The minimum value of chronic health literacy in this study was 30points, the maximum was 117 points, the average score was (85.66 ± 12.36) points, the average score for the four dimensions were (32.96 ±6.41) points, (31.98 ± 5.28) points, (14.25 ± 2.62) points, (6.47 ± 1.75) points. Chronic disease health literacy have proportion was 52.1%, improving health willingness have the highest proportion of 76.7%, the access to information have accounted for 70.8%, the proportion of financial support have accounted for 63.2%, interactive communication ability with the lowest rate was 59.4%.Single factor analysis showed that there are statistically significant differences of different gender, age, marital status, living conditions, education, occupation, monthly income, number of chronic diseases and self perception of health status in the middle-aged and elderly patients’ health literacy. (P≤0.05).(3) The minimum value of social support in this study was 16 points, the maximum was 52 points, the average score was (32.95 ± 6.825) points, The average score of three dimensions respectively were (7.85 ± 2.633) points, (18.67 ± 4.376) points (6.42 ± 1.558) points.The number of low social support level was 30 people, accounting for 5.6% of the total number; the number of people with a moderate social support level was 479, accounting for 89.7% of the total number; the number of people with higher social support level was 25 people, accounted for 4.7% of the total number.Single factor analysis showed that there are statistically significant differences of different age, marital status, living conditions, education level, occupation, income, sick species and whether there is health insurance in the middle-aged and elderly patients’ social support.(P≤0.05).(4) Minimum health conditions index in this study was -0.062 and a maximum of 1.00，with an average score of 0.66 ± 0.19. Five Key Dimensions Scale Problems highest proportion of pain/discomfort 300 (56.2%), the lowest percentage for action 258 (48.3%). Single factor analysis showed that there are statistically significant differences of different age, marital status, living conditions, education level, occupation, income, number of chronic diseases and health evaluation in the middle-aged and elderly patients’health conditions.(P≤0.05).(5) Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of health literacy of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic disease in different social support level was significantly different(P<0.001), the score of health literacy increased with the increase of social support scores.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of health status of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic disease in different social support level was significantly different(P<0.001),the health status index increased with the increase of social support scores.(6) The score of health literacy and social support score was significantly positively correlated, and the correlation coefficient was 0.321. Health literacy score was positively correlated with health status index, and the correlation coefficient was 0.679. Health status index and social support scores were significantly positively correlated, and the correlation coefficient was 0.302.Conclusion:(1) In middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic health literacy as a whole at a low level.The male, age 45-54, marriage status, conjugal, high level of education, mental workers, monthly pay 3000 above, suffering from one chronic disease, self-rated health in middle-aged and elderly chronic disease patients’ health literacy score higher, health literacy level better.(2) Social support of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic disease is in the middle level.The age 45-54, marriage status, conjugal, high level of education, mental workers, monthly income of 3000 yuan of above, have health insurance, with a chronic disease in middle-aged and elderly chronic disease patients’social support score is higher and the level of social support was good.(3)The health status of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases is at a low level.The age 45-54,marriage status, conjugal, high level of education, mental workers, monthly income of 3000 yuan of above, with one chronic disease, health self rating better in middle-aged and elderly chronic disease patients’health status index is higher, health status level better.(4) The score of health literacy increased with the increase of social support scores, and the health status index increased with the increase of social support scores.(5) Health literacy, social support and health status of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases were significantly positively correlated. |
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