Investigation On The Influencing Factors Of The Health Status Of Middle-aged And Elderly People Over 45 Years Old In Urban Area Of Kunming

Objectives:Through the understanding of the physical and mental health of residents aged 45 and above in Kunming,the influencing factors affecting the physical and mental health of residents are analyzed.To improve the physical and mental health of community residents and improve the quality of life,propose countermeasures and suggestions.Methods:According to the four community health service centers selected by the major projects:Fengning Community Health Service Center in Wuhua District,Baiyun Community Health Service Center in Panlong District,Jinbi Meteorological Road Community Health Service Center in Xishan District,and Jinma Community Health in Guandu District Service Center.A total of 657 middle-aged and elderly residents aged 45 and over were selected by random encounter sampling.The physical and mental health status of the subjects was investigated using a short survey SF-8 with good reliability and validity.At the same time,the self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the social adaptive health survey of the subjects and the social demographic conditions,behavioral habits and community health services that affect their health.Descriptive analysis,t-test,analysis of variance,multiple linear regression analysis,principal component analysis were used to study the health status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly community residents.Results:1.Demographic characteristics:Among the 657 people who participated in the survey,255 were middle-aged people aged 45-59,with an average age of 52.47±4.20 years.Men accounted for 33.73%and women accounted for 66.27%.The Han nationality accounts for 95.29%.Married majority of the marital status accounted for a total of 224 people,accounting for 87.84%.Among the education levels,junior high school and below accounted for a total of 144 people,accounting for 56.47%.The average annual household income of 5000 yuan and below 107 people,accounting for 41.96%.Residents with stable occupations accounted for 66.27%.Among the medical payment methods,there were more medical insurance at the provincial and municipal levels,accounting for 34.51%.There are 402 elderly people aged 60 and over,with an average age of 68.5517.01 years old.Men accounted for 37.06%and women accounted for 62.94%.The Han nationality accounts for 95.02%.Married majority of the marriages accounted for a total of 310 people,accounting for 77.11%.Among the education levels,junior middle school and below accounted for a total of 273 people,accounting for 67.91%.The average annual household income is 5000 yuan and below 169 people,accounting for 42.04%.Residents with stable occupations,accounting for 72.89%.Among the medical payment methods,there were more medical insurance at the provincial and municipal levels,accounting for 53.73%,2.Physical and mental health and social adaptive health status:The average physical health of middle-aged community residents is 52.27±5.42,and the good health detection rate is 8.63%.Mental health averaged 53.99±5.77,and the good health detection rate was 3.92%.The average score of social adaptive health was 16.73±5.83,and the good health detection rate was 17.25%.The average physical health of the residents in the elderly group was 51.04±6.19,and the detection rate of good health was 15.42%.The mental health average was 53.91±5.80,and the good health detection rate was 4.23%.The average score of social adaptive health was 15.63±6.03,and the good health detection rate was 18.16%.3.Screening out eight factors affecting the physical health status of middle-aged community residents,chronic disease management satisfaction,nationality,drinking status,whether to do heavy physical activity,sleep time,sleep quality,mental status,mental health status.Screening 15 factors affecting the physical health status of elderly community residents,hospital reputation,medical treatment price,medical satisfaction,gender,disease history,living style,community health service center,marital status,diet structure,physical activity,sleeping Time,quality of sleep,mental state,mental health,Social adaptive health status.Screening 12 factors affecting the mental health status of middle-aged community residents,chronic disease management satisfaction,medical environment satisfaction,Staying up late,Drinking situation,whether to do heavy physical activity,education,medical payment method,fruit consumption,sitting time,sleep quality,mental status,physical health.Screening 10 factors affecting the mental health status of elderly community residents,medical equipment,hospital fame,chronic disease management satisfaction,community health service center,edible vegetables,physical activity,sleep quality,physical examination frequency,mental status,physical health status.Screening 13 factors affecting the social adaptive health status of middle-aged community residents,medical equipment satisfaction,medical environment satisfaction,medical attitude satisfaction,medical level satisfaction.physical examination,community health service center,education level,medical payment method,diet structure,physical activity,quality of sleep,number of physical examinations,mental status.Screening 17 factors affecting the social adaptive health status of elderly community residents,hospital distance,medical treatment price,chronic disease management satisfaction,medical equipment satisfaction,medical attitude satisfaction,medical level satisfaction,nationality,physical examination,occupation,Community health service center,medical payment method,diet structure,edible fruit situation,sports situation,exposure to second-hand smoke,physical health status,mental health status.4.Principal component analysis showed that the influencing factors of the physical health of middle-aged community residents consisted of three main components.Among them,the mental state,mental health status,and heavy physical activity of the first principal component are important factors affecting the component,and both are the proximal factors of the cause chain.The influencing factors of the physical health of the elderly community residents are composed of six main components.The sleeping time,sleep quality and gender of the first main component are important factors affecting the component,and they are all proximal factors of the cause chain.The influencing factors of mental health of middle-aged community residents are composed of four main components.Among them,the diurnal condition,mental state,and heavy physical activity of the first principal component are important factors affecting the component,and both are proximal factors of the cause chain.The influencing factors of mental health of the elderly community residents are composed of four main components.Among them,the first main component of hospital reputation,medical equipment,and physiological health status are important factors affecting the component,and it is the distal factor and the proximal factor of the cause chain.Considering that middle-aged people have a larger work circle and the ability to adapt to the external environment is stronger than the elderly,their mental health status is mainly affected by near-end factors.In contrast to the elderly,the relatively narrow communication environment has a certain impact on the mental health of the residents Therefore,the mental health status of the elderly is not only affected by the near-end factors,but also has a great impact on the external medical service environment.The influencing factors of social adaptive health of middle-aged community residents are composed of five main components.Among them,the first principal component of medical satisfaction attitude,medical equipment satisfaction,medical level satisfaction is an important factor affecting the component,and both are the remote factors of the cause chain.The influencing factors of social adaptive health of the elderly community residents are composed of seven main components.Among them,the medical level satisfaction,medical attitude satisfaction,and medical equipment satisfaction are the important factors affecting the first principal component,and they are all remote factors of the cause chain.5.Multiple linear regression analysis found that among the influential factors of physical health of middle-aged community residents,mental status,sleep time,mental health status,ethnic and chronic disease management satisfaction entered the regression equation(P<0.05).Among the factors affecting the physical health of the elderly community residents,the mental condition,the community health service center(whether in Baiyun),the marital status(whether it is widowed),mental health status,sleep quality,diet structure(whether it is a vegetarian or not),The satisfaction level of medical level entered the regression equation(P<0.05).The influencing factors of mental health of middle-aged community residents,sleep quality,mental status,meditation time,and drinking status entered the regression equation(P<0.05).The influencing factors of mental health of the elderly community residents,mental status,physical health status,community health service center(whether in Jinbi),physical examination times,hospital reputation entered the regression equation(P<0.05)Among the influencing factors of social adaptive health of middle-aged community residents,the community health service center(whether in Jinbi),education level,sports situation,medical payment method(whether it is Xinnongong)entered the regression equation(P<0.05).Among the influencing factors of social adaptive health of the elderly community residents,the physical condition,the community health service center(whether in Jinbi),the diet structure(whether it is a vegetarian diet),occupation,exposure to second-hand smoke,and fruit consumption,nationality,mental health,entered the regression equation(P<0.05).Conclusions:1.The health status of middle-aged and elderly residents in this survey is affected by many aspects,and there is also an interaction between physical health,mental health and social adaptive health.External environmental factors and individual factors affect the health of residents,and they are also reflected in the multi-dimensional influences of individuals,society and families.2.The study found that the mental health and social fitness of middle-aged residents are similar to those of the elderly,but the detection rate of good health of middle-aged residents is much lower than that of the elderly.Middle-aged people have to bear more pressure on their lives.At the same time,they have to worry about the lives of their parents and children.The busy working life makes them have no time to take care of their own physical health.On the contrary,the elderly group does not have to consider this series of life problems after retirement.The physical health status will be much better.We must prevent the health of middle-aged people in advance,especially focusing on their physical health to improve the health of the entire population.3.The state of health can not only consider the influence of one side of the far and near-end factors,and the two complement each other and influence each other.The risk factors of high-risk individuals are not only affected by their own,but also by the environment of the individual.Conceming high-risk prevention strategies can reduce the risk of this high-risk group,but it has a limited effect on the reduction of disease risk in the whole population.Although the middle-aged and elderly community residents in this study are affected by the near-end factors,the remote factors also affect their health.The two work together and affect each other.Therefore,it is necessary to overcome a cause of thinking that leads to a health problem and should systematically consider health determinants.Different preventive measures are taken for different links in the entire etiology chain,while focusing on high-risk strategies and whole-population strategies,the two complement each other to guide our health intervention strategies.Suggestions:The health status of the group is the result of the internal and external factors,and the far and near factors of the cause chain are formed together.It is necessary to fully consider the impact of the near-end factors on the individual,and also take into account the influence of the remote environmental policy factors,and implement the measures of mutual cooperation between the high-risk prevention strategy and the whole-people prevention strategy to jointly serve the health of the masses.In the community,public health personnel carry out comprehensive and high-quality preventive services for the residents.In the clinical service place,the clinical medical staff takes the individual as the object and implements individualized preventive intervention measures.In the specific implementation process,we must provide a full range of quality health services for middle-aged and elderly residents.In particular,we should focus on improving the physical health status of middle-aged residents to promote the overall health of residents.The role of many health determinants is long-term and cumulative.The human health should be maintained and promoted from the whole process of human life.At the same should be demand-oriented,integrate other health-related needs,and provide systematic and high-quality integrated services for clients.