Prevalence Of Hypertension And Associated Risk Factors In Urban And Rural Populations In Chongqing

Objective: Our study aimed to compare the prevalence of hypertension, prehypertension, and associated risk factors between urban and rural populations in Chongqing.Methods: About 15000 residents over 15 years old who lived in Dadukou district, Yongchuan district, Hechuan district, Qianjiang district, Tongnan country, Bishan country, Liangping country and Rongchang country had been randomized enrolled and stratified multistage random sampling method in this survey, to take questionnaire and physical examination. And then we analyzed the correlation between blood pressure and associated risk factors.Result:1. A total of 15280 residents were investigated 7518(49.2%) in the urban, and 7762(50.8%) were in the rural area. The males were 7599(49.7%), and the females were 7681(52.3%). The mean age was 45.2±19.4(the range is 15 to 99).High education level, overweight, obesity, waist circumference and sleep time were higher in the urban than in the rural(P <0.05). Alcohol consumption, the average systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were lower in the urban than in the rural(P <0.05). Gender, age, family history of hypertension, body fat ratio, smoking, salt intake was no significant difference between urban and rural residents.2. The prevalence of prehypertension was 43.6%, The prevalence of hypertension was 20.7% in the whole cohort. The prevalence of hypertension was increased with aging.The prevalence of prehypertension was higher in male than in female(49.8% VS 37.4%, 2=240.085,P<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension did not differ between male and female(20.3% VS 21.1%, 2=68.069,P=0.223).Overall, the prevalence of prehypertension in rural residents was higher than those in urban(46.8% VS 40.2%, 2=68.069, P<0.001), The prevalence of hypertension for rural people was also higher than urban people(23.6% VS 17.6%, 2=84.376,P<0.001).3. The prevalence of hypertension was positively correlated with age, family history of hypertension, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percent, drinking and sleep duration in urban, whereas it was positively correlated with age, family history of hypertension, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percent, smoking and salt intake in rural.Sleep duration between 7 hours and 9 hours was found to be associated with decreased hypertension. In each sleep period, the prevalence of hypertension for rural residents is higher than that for urban residents(P <0.05). Sleep time in <7h, 7h, and 8h, the constitute ratio between urban and rural residents were significantly different(P <0.05).Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in Chongqing residents. Sleep duration between 7 and 9 hours per night may be a protective factor for hypertension. These results suggest that a public health education program to improve the detection, prevention and treatment of hypertension is urgently needed in Chongqing.