A Study On Polite Formula From The Perspective Of Linguistics

Polite formula is a predeterminative language which forms fix-model in the long process of verbal communication in some contexts and in some ways semantics is weaken and repeatedly appear. Polite formula is not completely equal to the "polite remarks" "mandarin" "big and empty words" or "language chunks". It has characteristics of stationarity, high frequency, redundancy, degeneration etc.. Stationarity refers to the fixed pattern, including fixed words, set phrases and fixed format;high frequency refers to high frequency of language usage, including high-frequency words, high-frequency format; Redundancy refers to expressing utterances which are beyond contents, generally are extra sentences. Degeneration refers to the reduced tendency of semantics when utterances appear in polite formula form. The reasons for forming polite formula are related to language customs, frequency of utilization, communicative needs, institution, knowledge reserves, left-overs by history and psychological factors of using language.Among the reasons, the enhancement of language customs is the major one. In terms of its structure, The syntactic structure of polite formula is almost attributive structure, and exists in complex semantic structure. Polite formula can be classified as formal category, meaning category and pragmatic category. From the perspective of using, polite formula answers the questions about when to use polite formula, why to use polite formula and how to use polite formula at the angles of pragmatic environment, pragmatic mentality and pragmatic mechanism; Although polite formula has some social values, but there is no denying that it also has some problems. To this it is necessary to set up correct view of language specification, gain more knowledge and develop innovative consciousness.