Research And Preliminary Design Of Sand Oil Extraction Process

Considering the shortage of oil resources,the exploitation and utilization of oil sand with huge reserves have been received more and more attention worldwide.There are many processing technology about oil sands,such as hot alkaline separation,organic solvent extraction technology,pyrolysis technique,micro-emulsion technology,ultrasonic separation technology,ionic liquid assist separation technology and technology with magnetic treated process water,etc.In practical process we should select suitable oil sand treatment techniques on the basis of properties of oil sand,economics and the following treatment requirements of tar sand oil.In this study,with Indonesia oil sands as raw material,oil and sand in tar sand treated by organic solvent and most of oil in it will be obtained.When treated samples of the oil sand with extraction apparatus the yield of sand oil related to the aromaticity of solvent.The properties of sand oil obtained by different solvents are also different.In this study,we will analyze and compare the yields and properties of sand oil extracted by toluene,cyclohexane,petroleum ether and mixed solvents.It was found that the yield of sand oil extracted by toluene is highest,and S-N heteroatom content,viscosity,density are higher,especially compared with other solvents.On the other hand,the viscosity of sand oil varies widely.When extracted by mixed solvents,there is a small difference in yield,density and viscosity of sand oil are close.We processed tar sands with toluene,cyclohexane,petroleum ether,and then analyzed the asphaltene obtained from tar sands oil by elemental analysis,average relative molecular mass determination and ¹³C-NMR.Summarizing these analysis results,we tried to estimate the average structure of the asphaltenes structure with Chemwindow.The results show that the solvent have an obvious effect on structure of asphaltenes.Although content of alkyl carbon in asphaltene molecules obtained with the three solvents were similar and aromatic carbon content were slightly different,there is a big difference about the structures of asphaltenes.In addition,the difference of heteroatom content in asphaltenes and the average relative molecular mass is big.Furthermore,in this study we treated the sample oil sand by agitating under low temperature with toluene,cyclohexane,petroleum ether and analyzed the temperature,ratio solvent to oil sand,operation time to obtain the best operation condition.According to previous experimental data,we designed the process of sand oil extraction initially,determined the process flow,calculated process,selected equipment,and designed plant layout and preliminary process of oil sand extraction.