The Construction Of The South Manchurian Railway Cultural Heritage Corridor From The Perspective Of Regional Heritage Network

As an important traffic artery in the Northeast China,the South Manchurian Railway had not only affected the urban pattern and industrial system in the northeast region,but also witnessed a period of heavy history of the war.Nowadays,there were still a large number of historical sites with historical value along the South Manchurian railway,some of which were classified as cultural relics protection system,but more historical and cultural heritages were disappearing gradually.The success of Japan’s aggressive legacy—Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution in 2015 reminded us that we should re-examine our heritage and left historical testimonies for future generations.Therefore,the research hoped to apply the theory of heritage corridor to the South Manchurian railway cultural heritage,put forward the corresponding heritage protection and utilization strategy.Under the background of the revitalization of the Northeast China,the research attempted to explore the role of cultural heritage in urban development.In this paper,the author applied the multi-disciplinary research methods of urban planning,history,urban ecology and tourism management to construct the cultural heritage corridor of South Manchurian Railway based on the theory of heritage corridor.This research put forward the strategy of protecting and using the cultural heritage of the Manchurian Railway from the perspective of integrity protection,expanded the research area of the heritage corridor theory,and tried to extend the theory of heritage corridor by establishing the regional Heritage Network System in Northeast China.First of all,the author studied the historical development process of the South Manchurian Railway and South Manchuria Railways Co.The South Manchurian railway experienced four periods,which is the period of Russia occupation,the period of Russo-Japanese War,the period of Japan occupation and the period of Puppet Manchukuo.From the Middle East Railway contruction in 1897 to the Japanese surrender in 1945,the Manchurian Railway had a great affection on the urban spatial pattern and the level of urbanization in the northeastern region.Secondly,the author studied on the institutions and subordinate business of the South Manchuria Railways Company,demonstrated its colonial rule and the plundering of the resources in the Northeast China.Objectively,the South Manchuria Railways Company also promoted the industrial level of the Northeast China,constructed industrial system pattern,and affected the city’s internal space pattern and its development model.After studying the development process of the South Manchurian Railway and the South Manchuria Railways Company,the cultural heritage sites which are up to standard of the South Manchurian Railway cultural heritages are registered based on the actual investigation.The research proposed two basic standards of spatial correlation,time correlation and a core standard of history correlation.According to this standard,442 cultural heritage sites in the study area were registered.And the author analyzed the basic characteristics of the heritage sites from the four pespectives which are the distribution of heritage sites,the type composition of heritage sites,the protection of heritage sites and the major cities.According to the above analysis,the research constructed the South Manchuria Railway Cultural Heritage Corridor,proposed the "region-urban-heritage gathering area-heritage site" heritage corridor protection level and the content of all levels.At the regional level,a regional green corridor system,a narrative system and a transportation system were constructed to provide a feasible measure for the protection of the cultural heritage of the South Manchurian Railway;At the urban level,the town is divided into four grades relying on the previous research and the comprehensive situation of each town.And it also proposed the protection and utilization strategies of each grade and the interpretive theme of each town;At the level of heritage gathering area,the research delineated 12 heritage sites and proposed two protection levels.Also,it put forward the protection and utilization strategies of the heritage gathering area taking Shenyang as an example;At the level of heritage sites,the research established a detailed and accurate heritage archives and put forward the protection and utilization methods.At last,the research tried to extend the theory of heritage corridor.Under the background of the revitalization of the Northeast China,the research attempted to establish the regional Heritage Network System in Northeast China combined with other natural,cultural and other heritage,and provide help for the regional economy from the perspective of cultural industry and tourism.