Evaluation On The County Suitability Of Human Settlement Evironment And Analysis Of Spatio-temporal Variation In Gansu Province

Gansu province is located in the northwestern of China.With the lack of water resources,fragile ecological environment,backward infrastructure and economy,suitability of human settlements in Gansu province is far lower than the national average.It greatly restricted the sustainable development of Gansu province.In addition,Gansu province is a multiracial province.In recent years,along with the support of government,social economy and ecological environment of ethnic minorities have made big progress,but there are still some problems.Not only would we need to make a scientific evaluation on the suitability of human settlement and the characteristics of spatial-temporal process,but also requires us to make a comprehensive comparison studies on the suitability of human settlement in ethnic minorities.Then reveal the present situation,change law,and constraints of human settlement in the province,especially in ethnic minority.In order to provide a reference for governments’policy and planning,lay the foundation of sustainable development and national unity.Based on GIS and RS technology,with 87 counties in Gansu province as the research object,by constructing the comprehensive appraisement index system,the article makes a study on the suitability of human settlement and the law of spatial-temporal in Gansu province from 2000 to2015.Then through the comprehensive comparative analysis,the article focuses on the present situation and differences of the suitability of human settlements in ethnic minorities.Finally,some conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)The natural environment quality in Gansu province has a very significant horizontal zonal distribution pattern,which shows a gradual decreasing trend from southeast to northwest.During2000-2015a,in addition to the decline of some counties of Lanzhou and Linxia,the rest of Gansu province has increased in different degrees.The results of Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi~*showed that,spatial correlation of the natural environment quality has reinforced,and there are respectively two kinds of distribution.“H-H”agglomeration and hot spot lie at southeastern of Gansu province,while“L-L”agglomeration and cold spot lie at eastern of Gansu province.(2)The result of social constructing level in Gansu province shows that the northwestern is higher than the southeastern.During 2000-2015a,in addition to the decline of six counties,the rest of Gansu province has increased in different degrees.The results of Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi~*showed that,spatial correlation of the social constructing level has weakened first and then reinforced.“H-H”agglomeration,“L-H”agglomeration and hot spot lie at Lanzhou-Baiyin district,while“L-L”agglomeration and cold spot lie at Qingyang district.(3)The gap of economic development level in Gansu province is remarkable,which shows that the northwestern is higher than the southeastern.During 2000-2015a,in addition to the decline of Maqu and Liangdang counties,the rest of Gansu province has increased in different degrees.The results of Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi~*showed that,spatial correlation of the economic development level has weakened first and then reinforced.“H-H”agglomeration and hot spot lie at Lanzhou-Baiyin and Jiuquan district,while“L-L”agglomeration and cold spot lie at Gannan-Longnan district.(4)The suitability of human settlement in Gansu province shows a gradual decreasing trend from southeast to northwest.During 2000-2015a,the inter-annual variability of suitability of human settlement is very large and the whole tends to improve.The results of Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi~*showed that,spatial correlation of the natural environment quality has weakened first and then reinforced,“H-H”agglomeration,“L-H”agglomeration and significant hot spot lie at Lanzhou-Linxia district,No significant hot spot appear in Yumen-Jiayuguan and Huixian-Liangdang,while cold spot lie at Gannan-Longnan district.(5)Generally speaking,the suitability of human settlement of the ethnic minorities in Gansu province is relatively low.According to the different ethnic minority,Hui Nationality,Dongxiang Nationality,Mongolian,Man Nationality mostly distributed in relatively high suitability of human settlement in Gansu province,while the Tus,Tibetan,Kazak,Yugu Nationality,Sala Nationality,Baoan Nationality mostly distributed in relatively low suitability of human settlement in Gansu.