Experimental Study On How Outward Training Affects Grop Cohesiveness Of University Volleyball Team

Volleyball is a team sport,to win the game,which does not only need outstanding skills of athletes,but also mutual understandings and teamwork among them.This reveals a sort of centripetal force from athletes apparently,which means they volunteer to work hard towards the common goal with mutual affinity among them,and is called group cohesiveness.The academia has studied the concept with lots of efforts from the day it introduced to China,and is going through two different stages,from making theoretical analysis only in the beginning to improving ability of group cohesiveness with various kinds of training methods now that has been applied widely to most of popular sports and related groups.Outward training,an experiential process of learning,refers to making students learn gropingly in games on their own.I attempt to explore influences from outward training on group cohesiveness of amateur volleyball team,in terms of bring in the training to the professional volleyball team and amateur of Jilin University,comparing two sides by changes of before and after the experiment,to prove short-period effectiveness on group cohesiveness of amateur team,which will present possible reference for bringing outward training to the amateur groups on variety of levels of schools.Based on previous studies,the Group Environment Questionnaire developed in1982 by Carron was accepted more widely and equipped with more reliable evaluation system.This paper has made some small adjustments according to Carron's work,designing Volleyball Group Cohesiveness of University Students Environment Questionnaire which aids to study the performance of the professional team and amateur,before and after the experiment.The conclusions are made below:1.Experiential learning is the center of outward training,by which IAGS,IAGT,GIS and GIA these 4 dimensionalities of the professional and amateur team have been improved obviously compared with those before the experiment,and the group cohesiveness of the two teams is different notably before and after the experiment.This accounts for that outward training could help volleyball players develop personal talents and stay motivated highly in training,making players devote them to training actively and be aware of importance of establishing partnerships.2.Outward training works efficiently for group cohesiveness of sports teams,which means not only is it effective for a long history team,but is equal to a newly established one,to improve cohesiveness.Furthermore,group cohesiveness of the amateur is improved significantly that is trained with shorter duration,and more obvious result.3.The improvements of university students group cohesiveness could be put in following aspects: mutual communicating among athletes,being faced with problems and difficulties directly on court,taking strict execution of requirements from the coach,putting forward personal ideas into the team,strengthen patience and persistence;while the players are facing pressure,stay peaceful mind,control emotions,desire more for winning,and enhance sense of collective honor.