Research Introgressive Hybridization Between Eremias Przewalskiis And Eremias Multiocellata By Gene CO?

This thesis consists of two parts:part1:Introgression hybridization is relatively common phenomenon in nature.Howerver,the phenomenon is relatively little in reptiles.In this paper,studies of introgression hybridization?mitochondrial genes and mitochondrial genes CO?reviewed.part2:Eremias multiocellata and Eremias przewalskii have a sympatric distribution.Previous studies have shown:Eremias multiocellata and Eremias przewalskii of genetic relationship is closed.And the genetic distance was significantly lower than the difference between the level of Eremias,and the subspecies level is inadequate.However,in the morphology,the Eremias multiocellata and the Eremias przewalskii is different.Not only they have different breeding methods,and also large morphological differences.Having this situation may be due to introgression hybridization.In order to explore this phenomenon,we use mitochondrial DNA CO?as a molecular marker.And by sequence of analysis,in the distribution area of the overlap region edges,the mt DNA genes of two eremiases have introgression.After stitching and comparison for sequence,we get 34 Eremias multiocellata,14 Eremias przewalskii and 3 not be indentified hybrids for analysis.And we get haplotypes that contain 25 Eremias multiocellata,4 Eremias przewalskii and 1 hybrid.And we find that CO?mitochondrial gene of three Eremias przewalskiis has Eremias multiocellata gene pattern.This can confirm that Eremias przewalskiis and Eremias multiocellata have introgression hybridization.One of the hybrids and shared haplotypes have genotypes of Eremias przewalskiis,and The smallest genetic distance between they and Eremias przewalskiis is 0.5%.From te phylogenetic tree,this hybrid and Eremias przewalskiisgrouped together.But it has froms of both and reproduction of Eremias multiocellata.The poit is also a evidence that Eremias przewalskiis and Eremias multiocellata have introgression hybridization.Through the analysis of genetic distance,we find the genetic distance between Eremias przewalskiis and Eremias multiocellata is very small and only 0.2% in the distribution area of the overlap region edges.This value is much smaller than eremias intraspecific level.After analysis three phylogenetic trees,we find Eremias przewalskiis in Alxa Left Banner and Eremias multiocellata in boundary of Alxa Left Banner and zhongwei grouped together.This explain they have close genetic relationship,similarly this can show they have introgression hybridization.The article also express and summarize phenotype of 118 Eremias multiocellata individuals and 35 Eremias przewalskiis individuals.And we also count traits measurable and countable.We also do one-way ANOVA and principal component analysis for Characters that can be measured,and find that Eremias multiocellata and Eremias przewalskiis have significant difference(P<0.01).Because in the process of mt DNA brings incomplete maternal inheritance,we can not determine the direction of flow of genes.In this paper,we use mitochondrial genetic maker to confirme Eremias multiocellata and Eremias przewalskiis have introgression hybridization.And it provides basis for introgression hybridization of future research and also gives reference to the research of the evolution of species.