Research On Evacuation Model In Elementary And Middle Schools Based On Cellular Automata

The "National 12 th Five-Year Plan for Science and Technology Development" clearly puts forward that the people's livelihood science and technology demonstration focuses on "strengthening the research and development of group natural disaster prevention technologies and equipment for major natural disasters;and organizing the implementation of disaster prevention and mitigation science and technology demonstration projects".The level of urbanization in China is rapidly increasing.The number and scale of cities and towns are continuously expanding,and the concentration of places for urban primary and secondary schools will become a high-risk area for earthquakes.Therefore,earthquake emergency preparedness and emergency evacuation studies are particularly important in small and medium-sized cities such as primary and secondary schools.In the evacuation of primary and secondary school earthquakes,there are differences in the age,size,mental state,and familiarity with the teaching environment.Through in-depth study of the evacuation behavior of personnel in the teaching building,the characteristics and laws of the evacuation of the teaching building personnel,the grid model of personnel safety evacuation,the regional personnel evacuation algorithm and so on are mastered.Formulating corresponding evacuation routes and taking the shortest evacuation time as the criteria,complete the design of earthquake evacuation scenarios for primary and secondary schools and the design of evacuation model construction,and provide the core algorithm for earthquake emergency drill evacuation training software.Finally,it provides an evacuation evolution model for the emergency evacuation of primary and secondary schools,provides a basis for judging the reasonableness of the evacuation process,and aims to improve the evacuation efficiency of primary and secondary schools in earthquakes.Through the research on the evacuation models of domestic and foreign people,the model of cellular automata that is conducive to simulation is selected as the main model for the evacuation of primary and secondary school personnel.After completing the design of the evacuation rules of the model and the construction of the evacuation scene,the earthquake evacuation conditions of the primary and secondary schools were simulated.Compared with the results of real drills,the evacuation assessment rules are used to verify the rationality and scientificity of the model.Provides optimized solutions for evacuation drills.The main research content includes the following three points:(1)The evacuation rule model,through the research on the status quo of emergency evacuation model,chooses a cellular automata model that is discrete in both time and space.Combined with the research results of the evacuation drill personnel's behavior norms,a reasonable parameter setting range was calculated for each factor affecting the evacuation results and the establishment of the evacuation rules was completed.In the corridor width study conclusion,different evacuation formations will have a huge impact on the overall evacuation efficiency.The number of actual evacuations in buildings and the width of evacuation corridors will be set.Finally,the arranging pattern of double formations will be selected for evacuation.In the establishment of evacuation rules,the model uses all evacuees as a single cell,meshes the evacuation environment,and uses the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the distance from each cell in the classroom to the classroom and update it iteratively;combined with manual or automatic Scheduling strategies optimize the model.(2)The evacuation scene model,based on the research of computer simulation technology,building model construction methods and the spatial structure of buildings in schools and other densely populated places,realizes the construction of internal space geometry manually by means of points,lines,surfaces and other structural elements.model.Mainly through the research of modeling methods for common modeling software,the methods of translation,rotation,and stretching are used to construct geometric scenes;research and analysis of common large-opening building structures in primary and secondary schools in our province are conducted,and the key to modeling is combed out.Elements.(3)Model evaluation rules,sort out the behavior of the entire process of evacuation,select the factors that have a direct impact on safety and orderly evacuation as assessment content,use the length of evacuation time as an assessment index,pass simulation evacuation time,actual drills The evacuation time and the evacuation time after being guided by the evacuation model were compared to verify the rationality,scientificity and applicability of the earthquake emergency evacuation model for primary and secondary schools.This paper completes the research on the earthquake emergency evacuation model of primary and secondary schools,compares the simulated results of the evacuation model with the actual drill results,proves the effectiveness of the evacuation model,and provides an optimized plan for the evacuation drill.The model evaluation rules in the study are the contents of this article.Adding model assessment rules allows the model to quantify the evacuation time and trajectory of the evacuation drillers.The theoretical thinking of existing evacuation models at home and abroad is mostly focused on restoring the actual evacuation process of personnel in a particular scenario.The personnel evacuation model studied in this paper not only simulates the actual evacuation process of the personnel,but also guides the evacuation drill process,optimizes the evacuation drill process,and improves the actual application value of the model.