Research And Practice On The Urban Emergency Evacuation GIS And Key Models

Along with the expedite urbanization course, the number of the people in the city increasescontinually and the size of the city becomes larger gradually. The development of the city isfaced with serious security risk, for the earthquake, fire, flood, toxic release, terror, war and otheremergency threaten the safety of people’s life and belongings all times. Air defence is aparamilitary section, the function and duty of which is to organize evacuation in wartime and incase of emergency. A series of severe emergencies happened in recent years caution thatevacuation is an important measure to reduce the life and belongings loss. The key to increasethe scientificalness and rationality of evacuation decision-making is that describing each tache ofevacuation by math and model. Technology of GIS, database, application model,decision-making is applied to urban evacuation in this thesis, making a research on describingeach tache of evacuation by math and model, the main includes.1. Getting the research content and direction of this paper through analyzing the currentresearch about urban evacuation in home and abroad.2. As the base theory research, this article elaborates the base concept of urban evacuation,the character, principle and task of urban evacuation, brings forward the system of urbanevacuation; Bringing forward the realization technology of urban evacuation system throughsummarizing, analyzing, comparing the integration methods of GIS and applied model, which isthat integrating GIS and the key models of evacuation based on component technology.3. Bring forward the construction goal of urban evacuation system, make a particulardemand requirement on urban evacuation system, design the collectivity frame and a systemstructure integrated the C/S and B/S mode; put forward a method of organizing spatial data byscale and layer, describe the relation of evacuation special factor by E-R chart, design theattribute tables of main entity; devise the functions of urban evacuation system and elaboratethem.4. Break the conventional qualitative analysis method, describe the urban evacuation bymath and model adopting the modern advanced technology and measure. Considering the givenrequirement of evacuation, work over the establishment of evacuation models. The fourestablished key evacuation models are as following: the spatial location selection of evacuationarea model based on AHP, evacuation zone demarcation model towards disaster, evacuationpeople estimate model based on the area and use of building, selection of lash-up evacuationroute model based on equivalent distance and A*arithmetic. 5. Realize urban evacuation antetype system based on SuperMap Objects component, whichenlarges and stretchs SuperMap Objects component’s function, founding on the design of urbanevacuation functions and the research of key models.