Effect Of Feeding Ratio And Conditioning Agent On Growth And Reproduction Of Earthworm And Vermicomposting Quality

With the rapid development of China's animal husbandry,livestock breeding intensification and increasing the degree of scale to meet the growing demand for meat,eggs class,while generating millions tons of livestock manure and agricultural waste also poses serious environmental problems ever year.The treatment of organic agricultural waste through vermicomposting is currently one of the main methods for the research and development of bioengineering and organic fertilizer production.Vermicomposting not only could effectively alleviate the pressure on the environment caused by organic waste,but also the production of earthworms and vermicompost could bring substantial economic income.At present,the research on composting mainly focuses on the treatment of single poultry manure or earthworm's own growth and reproduction efficiency.There are few studies on the effects of various feed ratios and conditioners on the growth and reproduction of earthworms and the quality of vermicomposting manure.Therefore,this study used cow dung and mushroom slag as raw materials to study the effects of different feed ratios and the addition of different concentrations of sodium citrate conditioner on the growth and reproduction performance and compost quality of earthworms.The main conclusions are as follows:1.Appropriate feed ratio and sodium citrate conditioner concentration had different degrees of improvement on the physical and chemical properties of earthworms in the compost.The contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in the manure were gradually increased,while the contents of total nitrogen and organic matter were gradually decreased.In the treatment of three different baits,the increase of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium was the highest in R2 treatment,which was 38.79%,63.33%and 40.63%,respectively,at the end of composting,and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the vermicomposting at the end of composting.The total potassium content was the highest,and the seed germination index was also the highest,reaching 134.83%.In the sodium citrate conditioner test,the total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content of the sputum vermicomposting also increased with time,and the total carbon and organic matter over time and the downward trend.The content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in N2 treatment increased by 33.96%,63.33%and 24.00%respectively.The total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content of manure at the end of composting was the highest in treatment.At the end of composting,the initial GI of seed germination index of N2treatment increased by 28.74%,reaching 144.87%at the highest level.2.Appropriate feed ratio and conditioner concentration could significantly increase the number of microbes in the vermicomposting.The amount of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in the cockroach manure increased gradually with the composting in the bait ratio test and the conditioner test.In the bait ratio test,the number of bacteria at the end of composting was up to 120.37×10⁵ CFU·g^-1,followed by R2.The number of fungi and actinomycetes was the highest with R2,which was 20.59×10³ CFU·g^-1 and 4.31×10⁵ CFU·g^-1,which was increased by 137.76%and 171.07%respectively.Compared with the initial addition of sodium citrate conditioner,the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in the manure was the highest with N2 treatment,respectively,which was 119.81×10⁵ CFU·g^-1,23.55×10³ CFU·g^-1 and8.71×10⁵ CFU·g^-1,respectively,increased by 73.86%,173.52%and 312.80%respectively.3.The ratio of bait and conditioner had a significant effect on the growth and reproduction performance of earthworms.The average weight gain of earthworms and earthworm cocoon production was similar to the trend in average daily feed ratio test and conditioning tests,all showed early rapid weight gain earthworms,post weight gain slowed;earthworm compost cocoon production were seen in the first 15 days Then,on the 30th day,the peak of the highest calving was reached,and the postpartum period decreased.In the bait ratio test,the effect of R2 treatment on the growth and reproduction ability of earthworm was the most obvious.The average daily gain of earthworm was 148.30 mg·d^-1,and the average number of earthworms nissan cocoon was the highest,reaching 1.63·Article·bar^-1·day^-1.In the conditioner test,the effect of N2 treatment on the growth and reproduction ability of earthworm was the most significant.The average daily weight gain of earthworm reached 181.00 mg·d^-1,and the average number of earthworms nissan cocoon reached 2.09·Article·bar^-1·day^-1.4.The suitable ratio of bait could significantly increase the concentration of conditioner and the content of phytohormone and amino acid in cockroach manure.The total amount of amino acids in the bait ratio test is the highest in R2 treatment,which is 3.59%and 9.48%higher than that of R1 and R3,respectively.Hormone ABA and IAA levels were also higher in R2 treatment,52.44?g·g^-1 and 3.21?g·g^-1,respectively;in the conditioning agent test,the total amount of amino acids treated with N2 reached 8.73 g·100·g^-1,which was better than N1and N3 treatment increased by 2.83%and 7.38%,respectively,and phytohormone ABA and IAA levels were also higher in N2 treatment,55.44?g·g^-1 and 3.83?g·g^-1,respectively.The current studies showed that when cow dung and slag were mixed as cockroach compost,the combined effect of cow dung and slag was 1:1,and the best effect was obtained when citrate was used as the conditioning agent.The 3 g·kg^-1 concentration is the most suitable,and the comprehensive effect of vermicompost is the best.We obtained two process parameters:the ratio of the bait and the concentration of the conditioner for the mixture of cow dung and slag.It is also recommended that the amino acid and phytohormone content?IAA and ABA?be used as two unique quality evaluation indicators of the bio-fertilizer different from common organic fertilizer.,providing theoretical basis and technical support for the treatment of agricultural waste resources and efficient and harmless manure organic fertilizer.