| In 2015,the central government proposed for the first time to "promote green urbanization vigorously" and quickly promote green urbanization into a national-level development strategy,becoming the dominant thinking guiding China's future urbanization process.As a large economic province and a large population province in eastern China,in recent years,with the continuous improvement of the level of urbanization,the problems of imbalanced regional development and inefficient urbanization have become increasingly prominent.How to achieve high-level urbanization development and improve urbanization The development efficiency has become the focus of future research.In this context,this article selects Shandong Province as the research object,studies the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of green urbanization efficiency in Shandong Province from 2002 to 2017,analyzes its influencing factors,summarizes the problems faced by green urbanization,and proposes countermeasures for improvement The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)From a population perspective,the urbanization efficiency of the population has shown a rising trend of fluctuations.The number of cities achieving DEA is increasing,and the number of high-efficiency cities increased from 12 in 2002 to 14 in 2017.High-efficiency cities are mainly concentrated in the Jiaodong Peninsula area.Low-and medium-efficiency city groups should be located in northern and southern Shandong.The cities that are always in a high-efficiency state are Jinan,Qingdao,Yantai,Weifang,Weihai,Eight cities including Rizhao City,Laiwu City and Heze City.From an economic point of view,the efficiency of economic urbanization has shown a downward trend in fluctuations.The number of cities achieving DEA is relatively stable,and the number of high-efficiency cities is basically stable at about 7.The distribution of high-efficiency cities in the central and western regions,and the urban efficiency in the Jiaodong region have been generally low for a long time.The cities that have been in a high-efficiency state include Zaozhuang,Dongying,and Laiwu.From a social perspective,the efficiency of social urbanization is on the rise,and the number of cities achieving DEA has increased slightly.The number of high-efficiency cities increased from 4 in 2002 to 6 in 2017.High-efficiency cities are concentrated in the Jiaodong Peninsula and Southwestern Shandong.The number of low-and medium-efficiency cities exceeds 50% of the total number of cities and is widely distributed.Only the cities of Weihai and Laiwu have been in a high-efficiency state for a long time.From the perspective of resources and environment,the efficiency of resource and environment shows a declining trend.The number of cities achieving DEA has decreased slightly.The number of high-efficiency cities in 2002 decreased to 11 in 2017.High-efficiency cities are mainly concentrated in Luxi and Lunan regions,and low-efficiency cities are mainly concentrated in Central and Northern Shandong.The cities that are always in high efficiency are Qingdao,Tai'an,Weihai,Rizhao,Laiwu,8 cities including Linyi,Liaocheng and Heze.(2)In terms of the time change of static efficiency,the static efficiency of green urbanization in Shandong Province and 17 cities showed an upward trend.The average value of static efficiency in 2007 was 0.933.The number of cities achieving DEA increased slightly,reaching 8 in 2017.Below 50% of the total number of cities,it means that most cities are in a state of ineffective DEA;the coefficient of variation of the static efficiency of green urbanization has decreased,indicating that the gap between regions is narrowing.In terms of time change of dynamic efficiency,the dynamic efficiency of green urbanization in Shandong Province shows a rising trend,with an average value of 1.011.Among them,there are 7 time periods with a Malmquist index value greater than 1,and 8 time periods with a value less than 1,which indicates that most of the time periods Green urbanization efficiency is declining;the average dynamic efficiency of green urbanization in 17 cities is 1.043,of which 10 cities have Malmquist index greater than 1,and 7 cities have less than 1,indicating that most cities are in the rise status.(3)From the perspective of the spatial pattern of static efficiency,the cities with high green urbanization efficiency in the study interval present a spatial distribution pattern of concentration and then dispersion.The western-southern region of Shandong Province has gradually become a high green urbanization efficiency concentration area with low green The urbanization efficiency cities are shifted from west to east and from south to north.Five cities including Zaozhuang,Dongying,Rizhao,Laiwu,and Heze have remained highly efficient during the study period.From the perspective of the spatial pattern of dynamic efficiency,from 2002 to 2017,the dynamic efficiency of green urbanization in 17 cities was clearly divided into four areas.The urbanization efficiency-increasing cities and the urbanization efficiency-decreasing cities were concentratedly distributed,among which Lunan The cities in the region and the west of the Jiaodong Peninsula showed an increase in urbanization efficiency,while the cities in the central and northwestern regions of Shandong and the east of the Jiaodong Peninsula showed a decline in urbanization efficiency.(4)The grey correlation and linear regression analysis of the influencing factors of green urbanization efficiency in Shandong Province found that the people's living standards,economic development level,urban scale,urban development level,industrial structure and other factors have a high degree of correlation,and people The impact of industrial structure on living standard and economic development level on the efficiency of green urbanization is positive.The impact of town size and urban development level on the efficiency of green urbanization is negative.The factors affecting the efficiency of green urbanization in 17 cities are analyzed.It was found that factors such as town size,people's living standards,industrial structure,demographic factors,and economic development level have a high degree of correlation and have a greater role in promoting green urbanization efficiency.(5)Based on the study of the characteristics of the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of the efficiency of green urbanization in Shandong Province and 17 cities,it summarizes the problems faced by Green Urbanization in Shandong Province and 17 cities: The level of coordinated development is not high,and the quality needs to be further improved.Improved,overall efficiency is low,and regional differences are obvious.In view of the above problems,taking into account the timeliness principle of the countermeasures and recommendations,the 17 cities in Shandong Province are calculated based on the 2017 green urbanization efficiency calculation value,and the 17 cities are divided into high efficiency,high efficiency,medium efficiency,low efficiency and Five types of inefficiencies are proposed separately to improve the efficiency of green urbanization in different types of cities. |
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