Study On The Pharmacognosy Identification And Chemical Constituents Of Rubia Caulis

Objective:1.As the main ingredients of Chinese medicine?er-xieting?,Rubia caulis come from the rattan of Rubia cordifolia,Rubia argyi and Rubia alata,etc.Studying the pharmacognosy characteristics and chemical constituents of R.argyi,in order to lay the foundation for the establishment of the quality standard and quality evaluation system for Rubia caulis,provide theoretical basis for the classification,identification and exploitation of the plants of Rubia L.,afford the basis for searching the active substances in the plant,give the scientific evidence to the clinical curative effect of?er-xieting?in the treatment of infantile diarrhea,offer research data for the development and utilization of Rubia argyi L..Methods:1.We have done the field investigation and literature review of the basic source of the medicinal material of Rubia caulis,and presented the characteristics of it.Paraffin section and common production method are used to identify the stem and leaf cross-section,leaf epidermis and powder of the rattan of R.argyi.2.The air-dried rattan of Rubia argyi L.were powdered and extracted three times with 75%EtOH under reflux.After being removed solvent under reduced pressure to no alcohol,the crude extract was dissolved with water,then filtrated,extracted with Petroleum ether and Ethyl acetate 3 times to obtain crude extract after removal of Petroleum ether and Ethyl acetate.By normal and reversed-phase silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex gel column chromatography or HPLC,the compounds were isolated and purified,then identified based on physicochemical properties and spectral analyses(¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR).Results:1.The fresh stem of the rattan of Rubia argyi are greenish green and dry brown.There are 4 prominent ridges and barbs on the stem.On the cross section,the stem is square.From the outer to the inside are the cortex,the endodermis,the phloem,the cambium,the xylem and the pulp.And the casparian dots of the endodermis is obvious.The pulp is usually hollow.The heart shaped leaves are paperlike,the fresh are peak green and dry are withered green.The surface of the leaf is rough with verrucous protrusions.Observed under the microscope,these protrusions have obvious short rod-like patterns.The upper epidermis has no pores,and the lower epidermis has a plane-shaped stomata.There are plush and barb at the veins.Scattered wood fibers,non-glandular hairs,and calcium oxalate crystals can be seen in the powder.Red-brown inclusions,parenchyma cells,and various ductal tissues can also be seen.The epidermal cells of the stem can be seen to be rectangular and the leaf epidermis cells can be seen to be wavylike.2.Totally 28 compounds were isolated from the Petroleum ether and Ethyl acetate fraction of the rattan of Rubia argyi L.,and characterized as bis?2-ethylhexyl?benzene-1,2-dicanboxylate?1?,Dibutyl phthalate?2?,Daucosterol?3?,Dehydroabietic acid?4?,9,12,15-ocatadecatrienoic acid?5?,?-sitosterol?6?,2,3-Dihydroxypropyl elaidate?7?,2-hydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone?8?,Strychnovoline?9?,Ciwujiatone?10?,Stigmasterol?11?,cassipouryl acetate?12?,Xanthopurpurin?13?,2-hydroxy-1-methoxyanthraquinone?14?,Lirioresinol A?15?,Secoisolariciresinol?16?,3,4-divanillyltetrahydrofuran?17?,2-?4-hydroxypheny?-6-?3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl?-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3,3,0]octa ne?18?,?6S,9R?-vomifoliol?19?,dihydrovomifoliol?20?,fustin?21?,quercetin?22?,butylparaben?23?,?9E,11Z?-hexadecadien-1-ol?24?,4-?1-phenylethyl?phenol?25?,2-diazoacetylfuran?26?,phenylalanine methyl ester?27?,4-?benzyloxy?benzaldehyde?28?.Conclusion:1.The characteristics of biopharmaceutical identification of R.argyi were established.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the classification,identification and development of Rubia caulis,and lay a foundation for establishing the quality standard and quality evaluation system of Rubia caulis.2.Altogether 28 compounds were isolated from the rattan of Rubia argyi L..The compounds 1-28 were isolated from the rattan of Rubia argyi L.for the first time and the compounds 4,8¹0,13,15,17²0,25²8 were first isolated from Rubia L..It includes 7 Fatty Acids?compounds 1,2,5,7,12,23,24?,7Phenylpropanoids?compounds 10,15,16,17,18,25,28?,3 Anthraquinones?compounds 8,13,14?,3 Alkaloids?compounds 9,26,27?,3 Terpenes?compounds 4,19,20?,3 Steroids?compounds 3,6,11?,2 Flavonoids?compounds 21,22?.Research results provide the basis to further search medicinal active substance in Rubia caulis and pharmacological activity studies of it,and research materials to exploitation and utilization of it.