Study Of Epidemic Trend Of Chronic Diseases And Their Risk Factors In Xihu District Of Nanchang City,2011-2018

Objective:Chronic diseases have become one of the major health and development challenges of the 21 st century.They have not only caused psychological and material shocks to patients,but also brought enormous economic burden and social pressure to the whole country and the world,and hindered the further development of sustainable society.Data monitoring of chronic diseases and their influencing factors is a major measure to improve the prevalence of chronic diseases.Since the establishment of the chronic disease prevention and control demonstration zone in Xihu District,two-time chronic diseases and their influencing factors have been monitored in 2011 and 2015.This survey is to compare the survey date from the surveillance done in 2011,2015 and 2018 by conducting the third chronic disease monitoring,so as to study and analyze the epidemic trend of chronic diseases and their influencing factors in Xihu District in 2011-2018,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Xihu District.Methods:This survey is a cross-sectional survey.It is also a follow-up survey conducted on the basis of the 2011 and 2015 surveys.In order to maintain the continuity of the survey and the comparability of the survey results,the survey methods and schemes adopted are basically the same as the previous two surveys.In 2011,according to the population capacity ratio method,the stratified cluster random sampling was used to extract nine communities in three streets of Xihu District of Nanchang City,each of which extracted two communities,and the results of this 2011 sample were extended in 2018.During the period from May to September 2018,3548 cases of community residents aged 18 and over were randomly selected.The questionnaires and physical measurements of community diagnosis in the chronic disease prevention and control demonstration area of Jiangxi Province were used to collect the date of chronic diseases and its influencing factors in Xihu District;using rank sum test,chi-square test,single factor and multi-factor logistic regression to describe the analysis of theprevalence and its influencing factors.Results:The standardized prevalence rates of chronic diseases in 2011,2015 and 2018 were 15.05%,27.14% and 32.30%,respectively.The top four chronic disease of the spectrum were hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and heart disease;there is a general downward in the rate of thin and overweight,composition rate of family history of disease from surveyed community residents(P<0.005).Drinking rate of acohol decreased(P<0.005),and taste and personality were lightened and extroversion(P<0.005),the average number of kilosteps per day,the rate of exercise compliance increased(P<0.005),the daily consumption of vegetables and fruits per person,the times of daily brushing,the frequency of physical examination,and the awareness rate of high risk factors of chronic diseases were upward in total(P<0.005),and the high-salt diet rate showed a downward(P<0.005);however,obesity and abdominal obesity all showed an upward(P<0.005),the proportion of active smoking,total smoking rate(both active and passive)and stressfulness increased(P<0.005),drinking rate of milk,daily sleep time per person,rate of adequate sleep compliance and community hospital awareness decreased(P<0.005),the dietary rate and awareness rate of nutrition label of residents showed a downward(P<0.005);The main risk factors of chronic diseases are age,obesity,abdominal obesity,smoking,and high frequency of physical examination(OR>1,P<0.05).In addition,the major protective factors are no family history of hypertension or diabetes,and mild taste,high consumption of fruit(OR<1,P<0.05).Conclusion:The health department of Xihu District should actively take measures to control the increase of the prevalence of chronic diseases,take hypertension,diabetes,heart disease and hyperlipidemia as the four major chronic diseases,and take actions to comprehensively prevent and contro by joint with other departments;the majority of unhealthy lifestyles in Xihu District have been improved,and certain prevention and control effects have been achieved.However,education and publicity on healthy lifestyle behaviors should be increased in order to promote further improvements in adverse factors such as smoke,obesity;in addition,policy to prevent and controlchronic diseases should be improved for high-risk factors,such as age,smoke and so on;and priority should be given to strengthening the preventive screening and treatment of chronic diseases for high-risk groups,and improve their health literacy,thereby improving the health level of community residents.