| Fa xiang si wei is the initial mode of thinking,in which ancient people gradually accumulated and formed some principles through observing the external phenomena of things and processing them by human brains in production and medical practice for cognitive purposes.Traditional Chinese medicine theories,such as Yin-Yang and five elements theory,Zang Xiang theory and Pathogenesis theory are established on the basis of Fa xiang si wei,which permeates every link of theory,method,prescription and medicine.Fa xiang pharmacology was sprouted according to the prevalence of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty,it was gradually formed and further improved after Jin-Yuan Dynasty.The four great scholars of Jin-Yuan Dynasty and their disciples made the most outstanding contribution to Fa xiang pharmacology.Fa xiang pharmacology belongs to the category of the properties of traditional Chinese medicine theory,which was finally formed by ancient herbalists through long-term speculation and verification process by using Fa xiang si wei,according to the natural attributes such as the physique,color,odor of traditional Chinese medicine,combining with the space-time environment of their existence,repeatedly speculating and verifying their possible efficacy and mechanism of action.Practically research on material medicine theory is the main characteristic in Ming-Qing dynasty.“Yaomu” theory,which was an organic combination of pharmacy theory and practice,was created in “Yaopin Huayi”,it was used to explain the properties of medicines mainly by eight methods such as physique,color,odor,Yin-Yang,natures of drug and so on.The book is a rare monograph on Fa xiang pharmacology,which plays an important role in the development process of the pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine.Objective:To hackle systematically the content of Fa Xiang pharmacology in “Yaopin Huayi”,summary the classification basis of traditional Chinese medicine and the theoretical basis of “Yaomu” in order to discuss how did the author use “Yaomu” theory to grasp the properties and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.Method:The information related to “Yaopin Huayi” was collected and the suitable book of study was selected by searching literature,monographs,essays and so on.The content of traditional Chinese medicine,which was explained by Fa xiang si wei,was summarized to study the basis of drug classification by collecting the relevant medical history literature.The characteristics of drugs efficacy,which were explained by “Yaomu”,were analyzed by the statistical method of frequency analysis.Result:1 Results of literature research(1)Interpretation of “Yaomu” on drug propertiesThe interrelationships among the various items are mainly manifested in the following aspects: “Yin-Yang”,“tendency” and “nature” are derived from “flavor” and "scent”;“flavor”,“smell”,“color” can be used to derive meridian tropism;The “efficiency” of drugs was constituted of a variety of pharmacological properties and interactions;The relationship between traditional chinese medicine's properties and the efficacy is partially related or irrelevant.(2)The theoretical basis of the formation of “Yaomu”It is found that the theory of “Yaomu” basis includes the medical theory of “Knowledge and Purpose”,Yin-Yang and five elements,the theory of four scents and five flavors,the theory of thick-thin and yin-yang of scents and flavors,and the theory of “ShengJiangFuChen”.(3)Effect of Fa xiang si wei on drug classification in “Yaopin Huayi”Drugs were classified according to different pathogenesis,such as the Qi,blood and body fluid imbalance,five internal organs dysfunction,six external etiological factors and five internal injury pathogenic factors.The theory of “Yaomu” is applied to explain the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.(4)Interpretation of “Yaomu” on traditional Chinese medicine's efficacy“Yaomu” theory is the embodiment of Fa xiang pharmacology.The complexity and diversity of the color,nature,flavor,etc,which determines the diversity of medicines efficacy,and the medicine efficacy has certain selectivity through processing,dosage changes,etc.The efficacy of some traditional Chinese medicine has two-way regulation,which is manifested in the change of processing methods,dosage increase and decrease,and the difference of harvesting time,so as to change the properties of traditional chinese medicine and produce the opposite properties.2 Results of statistical analysisThe properties of drugs were used to explain the drug effect,the order of frequency of drug properties from high to low is flavor > meridian tropism > physique > tendency > scent > color >nature> thick-thin and yin-yang of scents and flavors > Yin-Yang.“flavor” is the core of “Yaomu”.Meridian tropism also play an important role in explaining the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.Conclusion:The theory of “Yaomu” in “Yaopin Huayi” explained the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine through “Yaomu” and interpreted the pharmacology.It was the concretization of Fa xiang pharmacology. |
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