A Research On Status And Relationship Between Health Literacy And Health Communication Among Rural Residents In Manas County Of Xinjiang

Objective: To understand the health literacy level and health communication of residents in rural areas of Manas County and analysis the relationship between residents' health literacy level and health communication,and provide reference for formulating health communication strategies and improving the health literacy of rural residents.Methods: From April 2018 to July 2018,a stratified sampling method was used to collect quantitative data from 776 residents who met the inclusion criteria in 4 townships in Manas County.In the same period,semistructured interviews(combination of individual and group interviews)were used to conduct in-depth interviews with rural residents,grassroots medical institutions,and village committee staff to collect qualitative information.Quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 24.0 for data statistics,chi-square test,logistic regression analysis,and qualitative data were analyzed and analyzed by content analysis method.Results: 1.The health literacy level of township residents in Manas County is 8.6%,which is lower than the health literacy level of rural residents in China.The basic knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and health skills is 22.8%,8.0%,and 9.5%,respectively;safety and first aid literacy is 86.6%,scientific health literacy is 64.6%,chronic disease prevention literacy is 24.2%,health information literacy is 12.5%,basic medical literacy is 5.9% and infectious disease prevention literacy is 5.0%.2.The health communication activities of grassroots medical institutions in rural areas mainly include infectious diseases and prevention of chronic diseases,tobacco control education,eye health and accidental injuries,etc.The main methods are to distribute health education publicity materials,set up publicity columns,hold health education lectures,and hold health Educational counseling activities;chronic disease prevention knowledge and physical health knowledge are the health knowledge that residents most want to know,accounting for 62.1% and 57.1% respectively.On-site health talks and free clinics are the most needed ways to obtain health knowledge,accounting for 74.4% and 63.5% respectively;64.7% of residents actively obtaining health information,TV and radio are the main ways to obtain health information,accounting for 72.9%.Village doctors and on-site health lectures are the most trusted ways for residents to obtain health information,accounting for 64.3% and 49.4% respectively.3.The results of univariate analysis showed that age,ethnicity,education level,annual family income,whether to obtain health information independently,frequency of obtaining health information,time to obtain health information,and access to health information were the influencing factors of residents' health literacy level(P< 0.05);Logistic regression analysis showed that ethnic(OR=3.290),education(OR=1.868,2.833,12.084),frequency of health information(OR=1.959,4.535),time to obtain health information(OR=12.503,9.179)and the cost of obtaining health information(OR=2.844)were independent influencing factors of residents' health literacy level(P<0.05).4.Interview results: Semi-structured interviews analyzed six topics.(1)Rural residents: The health concept is backward,and the self is considered to be in good health;the rural residents in townships and villages have the willingness to actively acquire health knowledge and participate in health communication activities,but they are unable to obtain health knowledge and participate in health because they are too busy and have poor accessibility.The dissemination activities will affect the improvement of health literacy;rural residents in rural areas have expectations for health communication activities,and should respond to the needs of residents,adapt to appropriate conditions,and select appropriate health transmission channels and contents to develop effective health communication activities.(2)Staff of primary medical institutions: In recent years,residents have gradually become health conscious,but the low level of education is still the influencing factor of rural residents' health literacy;the task is heavy,lack of funds and policy support,leading to the formalization of health education.(3)Village committee staff: lack of health communication equipment and insufficient health information resources.Conclusion: 1.The health literacy of rural residents in Manas County is at a low level.Ethnicity,education level,frequency of obtaining health information,time to obtain health information,and access to health information are independent factors influencing health literacy.2.The content,approach and frequency of health communication work in townships and towns of Manas County are different from those of residents,and the proportion of residents' independent access to health knowledge is relatively high.When carrying out health communication work,we must not only consider the channels and contents of health communication,but also choose the time and frequency of health communication work according to the time and conditions,and provide a certain way for residents to access health information,and increase residents' initiative to obtain health information.Frequency and time,thus promoting the improvement of residents' health literacy level.