Research On The Quality Standard And Grade Standard Of Alpinia Officinarum Hance

Galangal is the dry rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance,an Alpinia plant of the genus Alpinia.It is also known as Liangjiang and Xiao liangjiang(Guangxi,Guangdong).It is one of the top ten famous Chinese medicines of Guangdong Province in China.It was first recorded in the Famous doctor,listed as a Chinese product,and has been recorded in the Pharmacopoeia.It is mainly grown in the tropical and subtropical regions of South China,and enjoys a warm and humid climate,such as Hainan,Guangdong,Guangxi and Yunnan.It is spicy and hot.Returns to spleen,stomach,with the functions of warm stomach and vomiting,cold and pain relief.It is mainly used to treat abdominal pain,stomach cold vomiting,phlegm and acidosis.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that galangal has pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation,anti-tumor,anti-bacterial,anti-infiltration,anti-inflammatory and analgesic,anti-ulcer,anti-emergence and anti-diarrhea,blood sugar lowering,lipid-lowering weight loss and anti-coagulation.At the same time,galangal is also widely used in food,condiments,health care products and other fields.With the wide application of galangal,the demand for galangal medicinal materials and decoction pieces in domestic and international markets is increasing,and its quality has become a concern of everyone.Although galangal is recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the history,its quality standards are simple.For example,the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia contains items such as [Traits],[Identification],[Check],and [Content Determination],but lacks fingerprint,and the content under a single item is relatively simple: for example,qualitative[Identification] only uses reference medicinal materials as a reference,and does not specify specific chemical components;[Check] only ash and moisture check,lack of leaching in the examination of substances and heavy metals,etc.In the determination of content,only the content of galangin is determined,and the content of other pharmacologically active ingredients is lacking.As a method for evaluating the quality of galangal medicinal materials and decoction pieces,there are some limitations and uncertainties to some extent.Furthermore,galangal medicinal herbs and decoction pieces are currently sold on the market in the form of unified goods,without grades.In response to the above phenomenon,our group carried out research on the quality standards and grade standards of galangal medicinal materials and decoction pieces,including:1.Improving the microscopic identification,and increase the powder identification.2.Improving the thin layer identification.3.Improving the determination of moisture and total ash,and increasing the determination of heavy metals,leachables and volatile oils.The moisture of galangal medicinal herbs and pieces should not exceed16.0% and 13.0% respectively;the total ash content should not exceed4.0% and 4.0% respectively;the water-soluble extracts of general goods should not be less than 42.5% and 45.5% respectively,and the selections should not be less than 52.0% and 57.0%;the alcohol-soluble extracts of general goods should not be less than12.5% and 9.0% respectively,and the selections should not be less than 15.5% and 11.5% respectively.Heavy metals in medicinal materials should comply with the "Green Industry Standards for Import and Export of Medicinal Plants and Preparations" : lead should not exceed 5mg/kg;cadmium should not exceed 0.3mg/kg;arsenic should not exceed 2mg/kg;mercury should not exceed 0.2mg/ kg;copper shall not exceed 20mg/kg;the volatile oil content of galangal medicinal tablets and pieces shall not be less than0.55% and 0.45% respectively,and the selections should not be less than0.70% and 0.60%.4.To determine the content of three flavonoids in galangin,kaempferol and kaempferol.The galangin and kaempferol content were used as indicators for ranking.The content of galangin in galangal anddecoction pieces of general goods shall not be less than 0.70% and 0.70%respectively,the selection of goods shall not be less than 0.80% and0.80% respectively;the content of hawthorn of general goods shall not be less than 0.40% and 0.40% respectively,the selection of goods shall not less than 0.50% and 0.50% respectively.5.Establish HPLC fingerprint of Galangal to make its quality control and transform from multi-component measurement to the overall quality control mode of fingerprint.The fingerprint similarity evaluation software was used to calculate the fingerprint similarity of each batch of Galangal samples,and the similarities were all above 0.90.6.Establish grade standards of galangal medicinal herbs and decoction.