Study On The Quality Standard And Grade Specification Of Paridis Rhizome,and Its Processed Slices

Paridis rhizoma is collected from the dry rhizomes of Paris polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis(Franch.)Hand.-Mazz.(PPY)or P.polyphylla Smith var.chinensis(Franch.)Hara(PPC),Liliaceae family.It have heat-clearing and detoxifying effect.The adulteration of Paridis rhizoma has become the most important quality problem.It is necessary to establish a scientific and perfect quality standard to improve the quality of Paridis rhizoma.In the present thesis,the study on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Paridis rhizoma were conducted,including TLC examination,determination of main chemical consituents in PPY,PPC and other Paris plants by HPLC,as well as chemical profiling by UPLC-QTOF/MS in different Paris plants.Based on the obtained results,the quality standard draft of Paridis rhizome and its processed slices was completed.The grade specification of Paridis rhizoma was also drafted on the basis of traditional description and quality evaluation.The content of the main components in the different samples of Paridis rhizoma collected in different months in the same year were determined.The optimum drying method was confirmed by comparing the content of the main components in the samples obtained by different drying methods.The determination method of 10 components in Paridis rhizoma by UPLC was established.The main findings are as followed.The commercial samples of Paridis rhizoma and its slices as well as PPY,PPC and other Paris species or varieties were collected.The analysis on these samples was carried out according to the TLC and HPLC method described in the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The results showed that the longer expansion distance(> 18 cm)is helpful for the good resolution of diglycoside,triglycoside and tetraglycoside of spirostanol in the Paridis rhizoma.TLC examination on the different batches of Paridis rhizome samples suggested that polyphllin Ⅵ cannot be detected in most samples of PPY or PPC.HPLC analysis further comfirmed the above finding that polyphllin Ⅵ in most batches of Paridis rhizome was at low level or below detection limit.Meanwhile,the content of polyphllinⅥ is high in some adulterants.The main components in PPY,PPC and other Paris species or varieties were identified using UPLC-QTOF/MS.As a result,121 compounds were identified or tentatively charactered based on the retention time,molecule weight and fragmentation rules.The chemical differences of steroidal saponins and other components in different Paris species or varieties were compared.Based on the obtained results,polyphyllinⅥ is not considered as one of quality markers for the TLC identification and HPLC determination of.Paridis rhizoma.Polyphyllin H was considered as an alteranative for the quality control.It is recommended that the total amounts of polyphyllin Ⅶ,H,Ⅱ,and Ⅰ should be no less than 0.8 %.Based on the references checking and observation on the samples,appearance description of Chonglou slices was proposed.The processed method of Paridis rhizoma was also optimized according to the steroidal saponins detected by HPLC or UPLC.The quality standards of Paridis rhizome and its slices were drafted.Through reviewing the ancient works and modern study advances,combining with the investigation on production region and market,the grade specification standard of Paridis rhizoma was drafted.Paridis rhizoma can be divided into two specification of wild and cultivation.Each specification is graded into gradeless and uniformly-priced goods and selected goods.The UPLC method was established for the simultaneous determination of furostanol,pennogenyl and diosgenyl saponins in Paridis rhizoma.The content of three type of steroidal saponins in different Paris species was determined.The results showed that PPC,P.delavayi var.delavayi,P.thibetica var.apetala and P.fargesii var fargesii mainly contains the pennogenyl saponins;P.forrestii,PPY mainly contains the diosgenyl saponins;P.polyphylla var.stenophylla has the low level of saponin..The determination of main components in the PPC samples collected in the different months in the same year indicated the main components have higher amount in the samples from July to October.The comparative analysis on the samples obtained by different drying method showed that oven dry was better than air dry.UPLC and UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis further indicated it may be related to the conversion of furostanol saponin to spirosteriodal saponin during the drying process.Especially,oven drying is helpful for the conversion.