| Objective:(1)To investigate the current prevalence of anemia based on cohort of adult females in Liaoning.(2)To understand the dietary situation of adult females in this area and their dietary patterns.(3)To probe into the relationship of their primary dietary patterns and anemia for providing scientific basis for the prevention of anemia.Methods: A cross-sectional study based on ethnic cohort in northeaster region,a subcohort of natural population cohort study in northeastern region was carried out in Liaoning province from July 2018 to May 2019.5442 female participants were included in this study through the inclusion and exclusion criteria.According to the standard of WHO,female subjects over 14(non-pregnant women)whose hemoglobin concentration is lower than 120 g/L are diagnosed as anemia.Dietary data was acquired by food frequency questionnaire(FFQ)certified by reliability and validity.The exploratory factor analysis was applied to acquire primary dietary patterns of this population and multiple-factor and unconditional logistic regression model was applied to analyze the relationship of primary dietary patterns and the morbidity of anemia.Results: 1.5542 subjects were included in the study and the anemia morbidity of females was 4.5%.The average hemoglobin value of patients with anemia was 107.6 g/L with average age at 45.5 years old,and their average energy intake was 1526.00 kcal/day.Females with anemia had lower average age and higher level of physical activity.Most of them were unemployed or retired(64.9%)and 54.69% of them had an annual household income less than 50,000 yuan.The morbidity of postmenopausal female patients was 1.8% and that of premenopausal ones was 10.9%.The morbidity of premenopausal females was much higher than that of postmenopausal ones.2.This study investigated the status of all kinds of foods and nutrients in the population.Compared with normal women,the anemia women consumed more refined rice and flour food,had insufficient intake of fish and seafood,lower intake of vitamin B12 and carotene(P < 0.05),and most of the iron in the diet came from plant food(85.57% and 85.21%).The intake of vitamin A,folic acid,iron,calcium and other nutrients in postmenopausal anaemic women were all lower than that of postmenopausal normal women(P < 0.05),and the intake of plant-derived iron in the two groups of postmenopausal women was statistically different(P < 0.05).3.The dietary structure of the study population was extracted by the exploratory factor analysis method into three dietary patterns,namely,vegetarian dietary patterns(vegetables,potatoes,fungi,fruits,beans and soy products),and meat dietary patterns(processing Meat products,poultry,sweets,animal meat,etc.),pickle and sauce foods(sauces,pickled dried vegetables and refined rice noodles).The total contribution of the three main dietary patterns to the variance of dietary data was 36.1%.Among them,the meat diet pattern was negatively correlated with anemia after adjusting for various confounding factors.Compared with the population who scored the first quantile in this dietary pattern,the ratio of the anemia in the fourth quartile was 0.57,and the 95% confidence interval was 0.34-0.95.Conclusion: 1.The prevalence of anemia among adult females in Liaoning Province based on population cohort was 4.5%,among which the prevalence of anemia among premenopausal females was 10.9%,higher than that of postmenopausal females.2.Compared with normal women,anemia women,refined rice noodles intake too much,fish and seafood,vitamin B12 and carotene intake is insufficient,dietary iron intake is mostly from plant food.3.There are three main dietary patterns in the study population,namely the vegetarian dietary pattern,the meat dietary pattern,and the pickle sauce dietary pattern.The meat diet pattern was negatively correlated with anemia,and no significant correlation was found between the other two diet patterns and anemia. |
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