On The Study Of The Bian Zhi Cultural Conference

After the defeat of the Opium War,Ningbo was forced to open as a trading port.Therefore,Ningbo had opened up following the emergency of the Western culture dissemination.Under the background of the western learning,there appeared a new trend that all of Ningbo’s local officials,academic leaders and rural gentlemen were aware of the breakthrough of educational system,who put faction and Western learning in the college education system.Zong Yuanhan(1834-1879)who was a magistrate of Ningbo,grasping the trend of the Times organized the Bian Zhi cultural conference in February in 1879.The conference was divided in six parts,which each had a headmaster and a propositional teacher representing the pioneer of subjects,included the sinology,the song studies,history,geography,mathematic and poetry.The Bian Zhi cultural conference is a representation of dissemination practical knowledgein Ningbo during the late period of the Qing dynasty,as well profoundly influenced the modernization of Ningbo education and encouraged the transformation of local academic atmosphere and the cultivation of new talents.The main content of this article is divided into six parts:The exordium part expounds the background and significance of the thesis,sums up the research results of the paper,and explains the main materials used in this article.The second part firstly combed t the Bian Zhi cultural conference’s creation and its test system,then makes a simple textual research on its different names,finally introduces the development course.The third part analyzed " the Initial Collection of the Bian Zhi Cultural Conference’s Courses ".As the earliest archival material compilation,this book records the first six headmaster’s information,assessments,winners and their essay schemes to better understand the identification of this conference by making full use of the literature bibliography.The fourth part mainly carries on the classification and the analysis to the project which publishes in "the Declaration",based on the characteristics of the historical data retrieval and analysis of the subject to seek the influence of West-east invasion,Western learning and practical thinking on proposition,and the transfer of intellectuals ’ learning emphasis.The fifth part textually researched in the scholars’ lists published in "the Declaration".In this part,some typical scholars are selected to analyze their basic situation of their birth place,education experiences and future developments and so on.It can be understood that the formation of the late Qing scholars’ taxis in the Bian Zhi cultural conference and the subsequent development of a number of historical facts,intending to explore interaction among the identification of the records,the examination of the winning students and the modernization.In the last part,the paper combined with the above discusses the influence of the Bian Zhi cultural conference in Ningbo.