The Study Of Loanwords In Modern Chinese History

Culture is formed along with human activities,therefore,some people called “culture” as “humanization”.Human beings are born with the ability to speak.In the process of development,culture is not self-enclosed,and it has to be contacted with other cultures.As a tool of cultural contact,languages also interact with other languages while being used.Due to the differences among languages,some languages will absorb some components of other languages by contacting with each other,and output their own components to other languages as well.In this case,loanword is produced.Loanword,as one of the most important portion in Chinese vocabulary,it is a momentous subject in the academic research as well.From the Opium War to the "May 4th",it was the second peak of the introduction of loanwords due to the special social background and political situation.The study of loanwords in this period can reflect the development of the language and social culture more than any other periods.Taking loanwords in modern times as the research subject,this paper probes into the development and course of loanwords from not only the angles of linguistics,but also the angles of social culture.And this article summarized the development rules of loanwords.The aims of this article are to explore the influence of loanwords on Chinese vocabulary in modern times,and to analyze the complex historical background in the development of loanwords.There are five parts in this article.In the introduction part,this article first makes a literature review,expounds the previous research results,and discusses the definition and scope of loanwords.Then it points out the significance and value of this paper,and introduces the source of the corpus and research methods.The first chapter refers to a large number of data and information about modern loanwords,at the same time,it discusses the different periods of loanwords introduction,which are the Opium War period,Westernization Movement period,the Reform Movement period of 1898 and the "May 4th" period namely.Meanwhile,this part analyzes the characteristics of each period,as well as four different borrowing methods.The second chapter introduces the impact of loanwords in modern times on Chinese vocabulary system.Since the Opium War,the variety of loanwords absorbed by Chinese language,and they are complicated.In order to record the loanwords,Chinese language had to break the original expression inertia,so the influence of loanwords on Chinese language is indelible.Nowadays,the transliteration of loanwords in modern times has been integrated with Chinese vocabulary,and they are unable to distinguish.The third chapter mainly talks about the loan words,which are under the restriction of the Chinese culture.And some of the them have been filtered through history and remained in the Chinese vocabulary.The other part of the modern transliterated loanwords has been simplified,standardized,and remodeled by a series of Chinese rules,they have been eliminated.The last part is the conclusion,which simply summarized this article,and put forward the areas which need to be strengthened,as well as the future research direction.