Research On Phonological System Of Lixian Dialect

Lixian(??)dialect belongs to the Qinlong subgroup of Zhongyuan mandarin.This paper takes Chengguan old dialect of Lixian as the object of study,describes the phonological system of Lixian dialect through field phonetic investigation,sorts out phonological coordination table and homophonic vocabulary,summarizes the pattern of tone variation of Lixian dialect two-character group,and summarizes the phonetic characteristics of Lixian dialect.The tongue tip tendency of finals in Lixian dialect is very obvious.Mandarin in the[i][y]do single finals,in this Lixian dialect are of apical[(?)][(?)].The tip of the tongue of the final also affects the pronunciation of the initial.This creates a relatively special rhymes with relationship in Lixian dialect:bilabial[p ph m],the tip of the tongue before the plosive[t th],lateral[1]can be spelled with[(?)]finals,the tip of the tongue before affricate[ts tsh],fricative[S]can be spelled with[(?)]finals,the tip of the tongue after[ts tsh[ts tsh s z]can be spelled with[i]finals.There are four tone sandhi in the two-character group of Lixian dialect,which are 21,24,22 and 53.Among them,21,24,and 53 are the same as the single-character adjustment values of Yinping,Yangping,and Shangsheng in the Lixian dialect.And it is impossible to distinguish light tone from non-light tone.Therefore,this paper integrates all the consonant rules of Lixian dialect,and does not divide light tone from non-light tone.According to the characteristics of its conjunctive mode,the conjunctive law in Lixian dialect is closely related to the structural relationship of the conjunctive mode,among which the verb-object mode and the post-adjunctive mode are stable and regular.According to their different meanings,the overlapping forms can be roughly divided into two types:the expression of minor meaning and the expression of kinship appellation.And the more formal tone law is the most complex,less than two,more than three.Through the comparison of Lixian dialect and ancient sound system,the phonetic features of Lixian can be summarized.The consonant features are as follows:the voiced initials of ancient sound system is read aspirated stops and affricates in Lixian dialect.The ancient Ni Lai initial meted Hong Yin(except for[(?)]final)read[1];Ni initial meted Xi Yin and[(?)]final read[(?)],Lai initial read[l].The Jing group meted He Kou Hu and[i]final read[ts ths s z].The pronunciation of ancient Zhi groups belongs to Chang-Xu type,the Open second grade of Zhi group(except for Jiang),the Open word of Zhuang group(except for Dang Jiang),the Zhi of Zhang group today speak[ts tsh s];the Open third grade of Zhi group,the rhyme of Jiang Open second grade and Close words,the Close words of Zhuang group and the Dang Jiang Open words,the other words of Zhang group except the rhyme of Zhi read[ts tSh S].The ancient Yi Ying initial Open words today speak[?],the Close words speak[v].The characteristics of finals are as follows:the level tone words of the ancient Shen Zhen Zeng Geng Tong speak[(?)?i?u?y?]in Lixian dialect.The rhyme of Xie Close first grade Ni initial words,the rhyme of Zhi Close third grade Ni initial words read[ui]in Lixian dialect.Through the comparison with neighboring dialects,it can be seen that Lixian dialect is highly consistent with the Qinlong subgroup,but it is also affected by the Longzhong subgroup.In terms of initials,the Close words of the ancient Zhi groups speak the tip of the tongue initials[tS tSh S],the palce of articulation close to the Wudu Tanchang dialect,it is different with the tongue leaf sound[t? t?h ?]of the Tianshui Qin state dialect.In the Honghe town dialect of Lixian,which is close to Tianshui,the pronunciation of Close words of the ancient Zhi groups is influenced by Tianshui dialect,which is also the initial of tongue leaf sound.At the same time,Lixian dialect also has its own unique phonetic evolution.The Close word of Jing and Zhi group read the tip of the tongue[tS tSh S],while in the dialects of Tianshui Qinzhou,Gangu,Wudu,the pronunciation of the Close word of Jing and Zhi group is different.