A Study On The Grammar Of Chenzhou Dialect In Anyue Sichuan

The grammar of Chenzhou dialect in Anyue Sichuan is studied in this thesis as it is a dialect island of Hunan dialect formed by the immigrants from Chenzhou in Hunan in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.This paper mainly adopts such research methods as description and analysis,synchronic comparison and diachronic exploration,comprehensively applying relevant theories like descriptive linguistics,contact linguistics,historical linguistics,and grammaticalization.Based on the overall and systematical a variety of grammatical phenomena of Chenzhou dialect,and the synchronic comparison with the neighboring Mandarin and Hunan dialect,it reveals the grammatical features,origins,and contact evolution methods and characteristics of Chenzhou dialect.This thesis consists of eight parts with seven chapters.The first Chapter,Introduction,mainly introduces the history and significance of human geography and dialects in Shibanchang,Anyue County,and the present situation and significance of the study of Hunan dialect in Sichuan,while illustrating the object,methodology,patterns and corpora source of the study.The second to seventh chapters are the main part of the thesis.The second chapter mainly discusses the features and usages of ?-ending words,?-pronounced words,and ?-ending words in Chenzhou dialect,analyzes and examines the source of “(niang)?”which indicates diminutive and points out ?-ending words,?-pronounced words,and also indicates that the ?-ending words in Chenzhou dialect have retained the characteristics of the original place of residence,but the emergence of ?-pronounced words were caused by Southwestern Mandarin.The third chapter chiefly examines the grammatical features and usages of personal pronouns,demonstrative pronouns and interrogative pronouns in Chenzhou dialect,focusing on the moredistinctive pronouns,such as the place demonstrative pronouns“zeduan(??)”“laduan(??)”and interrogative pronouns“hoge(??)”“moge(??)”,and sources and distributions of demonstrative pronouns“zemendiao(???)”“lamendiao(???)”referring to traits,behaviors,methods,and degrees and interrogative“zongmentiao(???)”.Through synchronic comparison,it finds that the pronoun system of the Chenzhou dialect has retained the basic characteristics of the original place of residence,while also affected by the dialects,which leads to the substitution,fusion and superposition of pronoun forms.The fourth chapter mostly explores the grammatical significance and usages of the negative word,such as“bu(?)”,“mao(?)/maoyou(??)”,“maodai(??)”,and“mo(?)”in Chenzhou dialect meticulously and thoroughly,and compares it with the original dialect of Chenxi in terms of the phonetic form and syntactic structure.From the results of comparison,the negative words in Chenzhou dialect still retain the basic characteristics of the original place of residence.The fifth chapter primarily studies the usage and origin of the structural auxiliary word “li(?)”and“tai(?)” in Chenzhou dialect,among which the structural auxiliary word “tai(?)” in Chenzhou dialect comes from the native Hunan language,and “tai(?)” is blurred from the verb “gain meaning”,and “li(?)” replaces “tai(?)”,which evolved from the contact with the Mandarin.The sixth chapter classifies the aspectual system of Chenzhou dialect.On the basis of a comprehensive description of the semantics and usages of various aspectual system,it focuses on the distribution and usage scope of the realizitive aspect marker“ga(?)”,“galao(??)”,“lao(?)”and“qi(?)”,as well as the origin of the“ga(?)”and the continuous aspect marker“qi(?)”and“dao(?)”,and makes a in-depth investigation and comparison.In general,the aspectual system of the Chenzhou dialect retains the distribution form of the original place of residence,but it is much closer to the Southwestern Mandarin in terms of syntax.The seventh chapter further explores the sentence pattern and structure of Chenzhou dialect.The main contents include:the grammaticalizing process and the multifunctional discussion of disposition marker“gen(?)”,the forms and features of disposal structures,the grammaticalizing process and multifunctional distribution of passive maker“zao(?)”;and the types and characteristics of passive sentences;syntactic distribution and characteristics of equidistant sentences,differental comparative sentences,extreme comparative sentences and progressively comparative sentences;two types of repeatedly asked sentences“VP mao(?)/bu(?)VP”and“VP mao(?)/maoyou(??)/maodai(??)”constituted by negative words“bu(?)”,“mao(?)”,“maoyou(??)”,and“maodai(??)”and its basic usages;several common sentence patterns of the possibility complement structure“dai(?)V”.From the observation results,the Chenzhou dialect itself has formed a new multifunctional syntactic marker characterized by diverse features,but it has basically converged with the Southwestern Mandarin in terms of the structure of sentences.The last part is the conclusion,which mainly summarizes the research content,and reaches a conclusion that the Chenzhou dialect presents imbalanced features in contact with the Southwestern Mandarin.Among them,the pronoun system,the negative words,and the aspectual system have better retained the basic characteristics of the original place of residence,while the affixes,the structural particles,and the structural of sentences are basically the same as those of the Southwestern Mandarin.