A Study On The Distribution Of High-frequency Polysemy Verb Patterns And Their Senses In Modern Chinese

There are a lot of polysemous words in modern Chinese.The academic research on polysemous words pays more attention to the definition of scope and the connection between the meanings.However,there is little attention to the combination of the meanings of polysemy.Pattern grammar believes that people often have a combination of pre-constructed words named chunks in their minds when they use language.The task of pattern grammar is to describe the pattern of each word in detail.Describing polysemous words by using patterns can well reveal the combination of various meanings of polysemous words.In this paper,the corpus of the National Language Committee is used as the source of corpus.Antconc and Excel are used as data extraction,analysis and measurement software.The high-frequency polysyllabic verbs“?”,“?”,“?”,“?”and“?”are the research objects.We extracts the patterns of these word,analyses the frequency distribution of each verb pattern and discusses the application of the patterns in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Through data extraction and analysis,the patterns of“?”,“?”,“?”,“?”and“?”are determined as follows:The main patterns of“?”include“p+np????_/?_/????_/??/r+?+?vd?+?np?”?623?,“?+np”?525?,“?+vd+?np?”?496?,“?+?+a/i/vp??_/??”?483?,“?+?+np??”?207?and“a/i/o+?+np”?161?.In all the patterns,there are25 meanings of“?”.The highest frequency is“?₃”?1023?,the lowest is“?₁₇”?4?,and the non-existent is“?₂”.The main patterns of“?”include“?p?+r_??/np/vp_??+?+?+np_??”?2075?,“???+np_????+?+np_??”?317?,“?+vd+?np?”?213?,“vp_?/?+?np/vp/r?+?+?”?164?,“?+np/r+vp”?154?and“p+np_??/??+?+?”?71?.In all the patterns,there are 11 meanings of“?”.The highest frequency is“?₁₃”?2537?,the lowest is“?₁₂”?1?,and the non-existent is“?₂”,“?₇”,“?₁₀”,“?₁₁”and“?₁₅”.The main patterns of“?”include“p+np_????/?????/r_??/??+?+?np?”?615?,“?+vd”?214?,“?+?+a”?184?,“?+np+vp”?149?and“?+np”?82?.In all the patterns,there are 12 meanings of“?”.The highest frequency is“?₆”?275?,the lowest is“?₁₃”?2?,and the non-existent is“?₄”,“?₁₄”and“?₁₅”.The main patterns of“?”include“p+np/r+?+?vd?”?1720?,“?+vd”?1558?,“?+np_??”?1023?,“?+p+np_??”?695?,“vp_??/????+?+?”?339?,“a/i/o+?+?np?”?302?and“?+?+a/i/v”?207?.In all the patterns,there are 8 meanings of“?”.The highest frequency is“?₁”?4448?,the lowest is“?₈”?1?,and the non-existent is“?₃”,“?₆”and“?₉”.The main patterns of“?”include“?+np+vp”?1001?,“p+n/a/v+?+n/a/v”?427?,“?+vd+?np?”?208?,“?+np_??/??/??”?105?and“a/v_??+?/?+?+a/v_??”?83?.In all the patterns,there are 8 meanings of“?”.The highest frequency is“?₆”?1021?,the lowest is“?₈”?4?.By analyzing the distribution of patterns and their meanings,we found that:First,there is a relationship between the meaning of the words and the frequency distribution.Second,in a particular pattern of polysemous words,there are often multiple meanings that can enter this pattern,but usually only a few meanings have a higher frequency.We call them typical meanings.Third,there is a connection between the frequency of each meaning and the typical meaning.If the total frequency of a certain term is high,it is more likely to be a typica l meaning in more patterns.Fourth,in the Modern Chinese Dictionary?7th Edition?,the arrangement of the meanings of these five polysyllabic verbs is not based on frequency.The study of polysemy verb patterns and their distribution can help the construction of Chinese pattern libraries,teaching Chinese as a foreign language,lexicography and other fields.