The Intervention Study Of Integrated Sandplay Therapy On Parenting Self-efficacy Of Caregivers Of Autistic Children

In China,autism has changed from a rare disease in the past to a more common psychological development disorder in children.Family education plays a particularly important role in the development of adaptive behavior of autistic children.Among all the family factors affecting children's development,parenting self-efficacy plays the most important role.Caregivers of autistic children are facing long-term economic pressure and mental stress,so their mental health status is not optimistic.It is of great significance to study and improve the level of parenting self-efficacy of the caregivers of autistic children to reduce the parenting pressure,improve the level of mental health and establish a good rehabilitation environment for autistic children.In this study,120 copies of parenting self-efficacy measurement tools were distributed to the caregivers of children with autism,and 108 copies were collected,among which 102 were valid,the effective recovery rate was 85%.As the data of control group,120 copies of parenting self-efficacy measurement tools were distributed to the caregivers of normal children,and 105 copies were collected,among which 100 were valid,the effective recovery rate was 83.3%.According to the results of the scale,the differences in the overall level and various dimensions of parenting self-efficacy between the caregivers of autistic children and normal children were compared and analyzed.In the two groups,among the caregivers ranked in the bottom 35 of the total score list of the scale,30 caregivers of autistic children with willingness to cooperate were selected as the experimental group,30 caregivers of normal children with willingness to cooperate were selected as the control group,and they would be asked to make an initial sandtray.According to the data analysis,the initial sandtray characteristics of the caregivers of autistic children with low level of parenting self-efficacy were obtained.Then,two caregivers of autistic children with subjective pain due to lack of sense of parenting self-efficacy were selected from the 30 caregivers of autistic children,and be sure they were willing and had time to cooperate,and using time-series design in quasi-experimental design to intervene them by the individual integrated sandplay therapy.Research conclusions:(1)The level of parenting self-efficacy of caregivers of autistic children was significantly lower than that of caregivers of normal children.(2)In the 8 dimensions of parenting self-efficacy,the scores of caregivers of autisticchildren from low to high are respectively pressure,control,discipline and rule making,self-acceptance,play and fun,empathy and understanding,affection and emotion,learning and knowledge.Except 2 dimensions of self-acceptance,learning and knowledge,the scores of all other 6 dimensions are significantly lower than caregivers of normal children.(3)In the initial sandtray of caregivers of autistic children with low level of parenting self-efficacy,the number of animal sand toys is significantly higher than that of caregivers of normal children.(4)The 5 trauma themes of chaos,division,threat,injury and involvement in the initial sandtray of caregivers of autistic children with low level of parenting self-efficacy are significantly more than those of caregivers of normal children.(5)In the initial sandtray of caregivers of autistic children with low level of parenting self-efficacy,the 4 healing themes of connection,change,integration and penetration are less than that of caregivers of normal children.(6)There is no significant difference in the times of moving and putting back toys in the initial sandtray between the caregivers of autistic children and caregivers of normal children with low level of parenting self-efficacy.(7)There is no significant difference in the use of self-image in the initial sandtray between the caregivers of autistic children and the caregivers of normal children with low level of parenting self-efficacy.(8)In the initial sandtray,there is no significant difference in the number of using sand between caregivers of autistic children and normal child caregivers with low level of parenting self-efficacy.(9)Caregivers of autistic children with low level of parenting self-efficacy tend to spend more time in making the initial sandtray than caregivers of normal children.(10)Individual integrated sandplay therapy has a good intervention effect on improving parenting self-efficacy of caregivers of autistic children.