China's Labor Migration Effects On Alleviating Poverty For Rural Household

One of the policy measures implemented in the current anti-poverty work in China is to organize rural labor to output,the poverty reduction effect of labor export is also the focus of the academia and the society.Most of the previous studies are based on the income dimension to measure the poverty of rural families,and then examine the impact of labor outflow on the poverty of rural families.However,accurate poverty alleviation requires more accurate identification of the target of poverty alleviation,and the latest exit criteria for poor people are regulated by multiple dimensions of income,education,medical care and housing.In order to adapt to the new requirements of poverty alleviation,this paper focuses on the multi-dimensional poverty reduction effect of labor flow.Firstly,a multi-dimensional poverty measurement system was constructed.Based on the CFPS data in 2012 and 2014,the multi-dimensional poverty situation of rural families in China was investigated and analyzed according to the regional and whether to go out to work.Then we divide the poverty into two levels,and construct the theoretical analysis framework of the poverty reduction effect of labor mobility from four dimensions of income,education,health and living standard,and clarify the mechanism of the multi-dimensional poverty reduction of labor mobility.Finally,we set up the Probit econometric model,and verified the multi-dimensional poverty reduction effect of labor mobility on rural families in different regions by static equilibrium panel data.Based on the dynamic changes of poverty in rural families,we further examined the impact of labor migration on the probability of rural families rising out of poverty or returning to poverty.From a nationwide perspective,we find that labor mobility has significant single dimension poverty reduction effect and multi-dimensional poverty reduction effect.However,with the increase of poverty dimension,marginal contribution is decreasing.The results of the empirical test in different regions show that,for developing areas,labor mobility can significantly reduce the probability that rural families are trapped in single-dimensional poverty and multi-dimensional poverty.And for developed areas,labor mobility can only reduce the probability of single-dimensional poverty and two-dimensional poverty.Although the incidence of poverty in rural households in developed areas is lower than in developing areas,the marginal contribution of migrant workers to the rural poverty reduction in developing areas is higher.In addition,the results of the dynamic test of the poverty reduction effect of labor mobility also further confirms that labor mobility can promote rural families rise out of poverty and contain rural families return to poverty.Based on the conclusions of the study,this paper believes that we should continue organizing and guiding labor export,and we should pay more attention to strengthening the comprehensive competitiveness of migrant workers.At the same time,because of the differences in different regions,we should adhere to the different principles of poverty alleviation.And on the macro level,the efficiency of income redistribution should be improved properly to ensure that rural families share the results of economic growth.