An Operable Deliberative Policy Evaluation Method

Policy evaluation is a key part in the policy process and an important tool of public administration.Early policy evaluation research was guided by the positivism paradigmandadvocated "truth-value" dichotomy.It also paid attention to the measurement on the investigation to the facts,data and the results of validation.Until the 1960 s,the post-positivism policy evaluation began to rise and reflect problems of traditional policy evaluation,which always advocated the "value neutrality" default and the influence of policy makers and experts but ignored the feelings of stakeholders.So the post-positivism policy evaluation advocates the fusion offact and value,empirical analysis and normative research,as well as explanatory and critical research.Besides,it especially emphasizes the participation of stakeholders,dialogue and consultation,which indicates the attention of fairness and democracy to the evaluation.At the same time,many post-positivism policy evaluation patterns have also sprung up one after another and make related research full of vitality.Among them,the deliberative democracy policy evaluation is especially appreciated,which is known as "one of the most potential evaluation pattern of the 21 st century".As one kind of the post-positivism policy evaluation patterns,the deliberative democracy policy evaluation is based on the theory of deliberative democracy and absorbs principles of the democratic and responsive evaluation,and put forward that using "tolerance" to balance the power and interests of the parties,using "dialogue" to find out the real interests and value,using "negotiation" to promote prudent thinking and reach a consensus.Therefore,the deliberative democracy evaluation has the potential to promote public consultation and reach a policy consensus.This article is based on the related studies ofthe policy evaluation field and on the basis of the core of deliberative democracy evaluation,trying to establish a set of clear and easy methodsto copy and operate,which is in order to realize the sincere dialogue and consultation of the evaluation.To this,this article first reviews the related researches in the field of policy evaluation,mainly includes two aspects: one is to clarify the concepts of policy evaluation,the paradigm development and the main patterns;the second is to introduce the background of deliberative democracy policy evaluation,the core content and the related method researches.Then based on the main idea of deliberative democracy evaluation,this article draws lessons from the existing methods and tries to build a set of operational deliberative democracypolicy evaluation methods,which pay attention to the maneuverability of themethod,theinteraction between the stakeholders and the assessment team,the individual policy experience and dialogue as well as consultation.The methods I put forward mainly includes four main stages:theprepare work for evaluation,the intuitive contrast of individual policy experience,the joint finding and validation of arguments and the reflection and deliberation of evaluation differences,which also gives the specific process and operating methods of each phase.After that,the paper makes the Beijing public transport price adjustmentin 2014 as an example and gives the virtual demonstration,analyses and inspectionaccording to the designedframework.Finally,the ending part shows the prospect of the method and the deficiency of this study.