FPGA-based Lightning Locator Control Motherboard Design

Lightning is a common natural phenomenon that causes catastrophic accidents directly or indirectly.According to the data of lightning monitoring network in recent years,there are frequent flashings in our country.Lightning plays an irreplaceable role in nature.It maintains a global circuit of thunderstorms,ionosphere,atmosphere and earth.However,in modern life,lightning still threatens the safety of human life and property,and has a great impact on many departments of defense and national economy sectors such as aerospace,telecommunications,power generation and construction.Therefore,lightning is also a natural strong electromagnetic hazard source.With the advent of the information age,computers,smart sensors,electronic information display and processing of weak equipment in people's lives have become an indispensable part and also have an upward trend caused by thunder and lightning.Therefore,in order to reduce the loss of the national property,it is necessary to improve people's understanding of lightning disasters,improve the precision of lightning positioning and strengthen the lightning protection measures in management.This dissertation first deduces the current at the bottom of the lightning return channel and simulates it using MATLAB.The model uses the TCS model-based current sampling pulse function.The returning stroke current using pulse function to analyze the return stroke speed,channel height,and observation distance to the surface electromagnetic field.The impact of the lightning bolt was briefly described and the structure of the positioning system was briefly described.This design mainly focuses on the integrated lightning location theory.The structure and function of each part of the lightning location system are briefly described.The lightning method of the integrated method is also discussed.Introduce the theory of the control board of this design from the hardware,the function of each peripheral circuit and the use parameters;Proposed Nios II processor as the core of SOPC hardware system design,equipped with external device components,some components need to write their hardware description language,and to complete the module custom components.Select the required components to build the SOPC system;use software development tools to complete the program design,the use of HAL API functions to complete the program development,and from the side of the software,the design of the lightning locator is introduced.The workflow of the software system and the detailed operation steps of each module are introduced.The least squares method is used to perform the algorithm processing on the positioning point;analyze the lightning locator's normal operation and meet the design requirements from the debugging results.