| Objective:Based on the principle of relevance of prescription and Syndrome,the study collects the TCM clinical literature of preventing and treating of type 2 diabetes,and introduces the methods of data mining.From the different aspects,such as disease differentiation,syndrome differentiation,pure traditional Chinese medicine treatment and TCM combined with Western medicine treatment,this study analyzes and discusses the thinking of syndrome differentiation,drug use and the relevance of prescription and Syndrome,so as to explore a new way of thinking for the research based on text data and provide reference for improving the level of clinical prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and the creation of new drugsMethods:Taking "traditional Chinese medicine","Chinese material medica",’traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacology"、"type 2 diabetes","type Ⅱ diabetes","T2DM" as the theme words,the literature about the clinical observation of Chinese medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes from the establishment of CNKI database to October 2019 was collected.The information is extracted into excel table,including document number,title,first author,year of publication,syndrome type.intervention measures in control group,intervention measures in treatment group,formula name.formula composition,dosage form,dose,etc.,and the traditional Chinese medicine name,western medicine name and syndrome type are standardized to make them into structured data.The standardized structured data will be input into the Chinese Medicine Inheritance auxiliary platform(v2.5),and the statistical report system and data analysis system in the software will be used for statistical analysisResults:1.976 literatures were included in this study,involving 10 complications.18 comorbidities,and 5 main symptoms;9 traditional Chinese medicine dosage forms were used,mainly including decoction,granule,pill and capsule.In the two modes of TCM disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation,the proportion of the literatures on syndrome differentiation and treatment is more than three quarters.2.General rule of drug use:the spectrum of drug use involves 344 drugs,and the top 30 drugs with high frequency of use are mainly composed of Sijunzi Decoction,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zhibai Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengyi Decoction,Yuye Decoction,Gegen Qinlian Decoction,Zexie Decoction and Erchen Decoction,The core drugs are zhihuangqi,shengdi,shanzhuyu,shanyao,maidong,baizhu,fulin,danggui,danshen,gegen,huanglian.3.Disease differentiation:The ancient prescriptions involved in the high-frequency drugs mainly include Sijunzi Decoction,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zhibai Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengyi Decoction,Yuye Decoction,Gegen Qinlian Decoction,Zexie Decoction,The core drugs are huangqi,shengdi,shanzhuyu,shanyao,maidong,danggui,cuanxiong,danshen,chishao,gegen,tianhuafeng,zhigancao4.Syndrome differentiation:The ancient prescriptions involved in the high-frequency drugs mainly include Sijunzi Decoction,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Siwu Decoction Taohong Siwu Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zhibai Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengyi Decoction,Yuye Decoction,Gegen Qinlian Decoction,Zexie Decoction and Erchen Decoction,The core drugs are huangqi,shengdi,shanzhuyu,shanyao,danshen,zexie,fuling,baizhu,danggui,cuanxiong,gegen,huaglian.5.There are 89 syndrome types involved in TCM syndrome differentiation of this disease,Deficiency of Qi and Yin and blood stasis:The high-frequency drugs involves Sijunzi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengyi Decoction,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction.The core drugs are huangqi,shengdi,shanzhuyu,shanyao,maidong,taizishen,danshen,danggui.cuanxiong,chishao,dilong Deficiency of Qi and Yin:The high-frequency drugs involves Sijunzi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengyue Decoction,Yuye Decoction.Siwu Decoction.The core drugs are huangqi,shengdi,shanzhuyu,shanyao,maidong,xuanshen,wuweizi,danshen,fuling.Qi deficiency and blood stasis:The high-frequency drugs involves Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Guizhi Decoction,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zengye Decoction.The core drugs are huangqi,danggui,cuanxiong,honghua,chishao,dilong,cuanniuxi.Deficiency of Qi and Yin,phlegm and blood stasis:The high-frequency drugs involves Sijunzi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zengyi decoction,Erchen decoction,Zexie decoction,Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction.The core drugs are huangqi,shengdi,xuanshen,huangjing,qingbanxia,fuling,danshen.Yin deficiency with Heat excess:The high-frequency drugs involves Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zhibai Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengye Decoction,Yuye Decoction,Gegen Qinlian Decoction.The core drugs are shengdi.maidong.shanyao,zhimu,huanglian,tianhuangfeng danpi.Wet and heat puzzling the spleen:The high-frequency drugs involves Sanren Decoction,Yinchenhao Decoction,Gegen Qinlian Decoction,Wuling Powder.Zexie Decoction,Pingwei Powder,Erchen Decoction,Sijunzi Decoction.The core drugs are fuling,chaobaizhu,gegen,huangqin,huanglian,qingbanxia,chenpi,danshen Phlegm and blood stasis:The high-frequency drugs involves Pingwei Powder,Zexie Decoction,Erchen Decoction,Xiaoxianxiong Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Sijunzi Decoction The core drugs are qingbanxia,chenpi,zuru,fuling,danshen,chishao.Kidney deficiency and blood stasis:The high-frequency drugs involves Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zuogui pill,Yougui pill,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction.The core drugs are shudihuang,shanzhuyu,shanyao,zexie,zhihuangqi,danshen,cuanniuxi,honghua,cuanxiong.6.TCM treatment alone:The high-frequency drugs involves Sijunzi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengye Decoction,Yuye Decoction,Gegen Qinlian Decoction,Lizhong pill,Zexie Decoction,Erchen decoction.The core drugs are zhihuangqi,shengdihuang,shanzhuyu,shanyao,cangzhu,fuling,huanglian,danshen,gegen.Treatment of TCM and western medicine:The high-frequency drugs involves Sijunzi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Zengyi decoction,Yuye Decoction,Gegen Qinlian decoction.Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Zexie decoction,Erchen decoction.The core drugs are zhihuangqi,shengdihuang,shanzhuyu,shanyao,chaobaizhu,fuling,danggui.danshen,gegen7.Complications:1.Diabetic nephropathy:The high-frequency drugs involves Sijunzi Decoction,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Zexie Decoction.The core drugs are zhihuangqi,shengdihuang,shanzhuyu,shanyao,danshen,zexie fulling.2.Diabetic Peripheral neuropathy:The high-frequency drugs involves Sijunzi Decoction,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Shenqi Pill,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction,Guizhi Decoction,Danggui Sini Decoction.The core drugs are shenghuangqi,danggui,cuanxiong,taoren,honghua,chishao,dilong,jixueteng 3.Diabetic retinopathy:The high-frequency drugs involves Liuwei Dihuang pill,Qiju Dihuang pill,Zengyi Decoction,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction.The core drugs are zhihuangqi,shengdihuang,xuanshen,shanyao.gouqizhi,taoren,honghua,chishao,danggui,danshen,sanqi,gegen.4.Diabetic peripheral angiopathy:The high-frequency drugs involves Zengye Decoction,Siwu Decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Gegen Qinlian Decoction.The core drugs are zhihuangqi,danggui,cuanxiong,danshen,dilong,shuizhi,cuanniuxi,guizhi.Comorbidity:1.Diabetic hyperlipidemia:The high-frequency drugs involves Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zengyi decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Gegen Qinlian decoction,Erchen Decoction and Zexie Decoction.The core drugs are zhihuangqi,danshen,qingbanxia,chaobaizhu,fuling,shanzha,huanglian,gegen.2.Diabetic depression:The high-frequency drugs involves Xiaoyao Powder,Chaihu Shugan Powder,Suanzaoren Decoction,Baihe Dihuang Decoction,Liuwei Dihuang pill,Siwu Decoction,Erchen Decoction and Zexie Decoction.The core drugs are chaihu,baishao,danggui,chaobaizhu,fuling,zhigancao,suanzaoren,yujin.3.Diabetic hypertension:The high-frequency drugs involves Liuwei Dihuang pill,Zengye Decoction,Yuye Decoction,Erchen Decoction and Zexie Decoction.The core drugs are shengdihuang,shanzhuyu,shanyao,gouqizhi,qingbanxia,chenpi,fuling,chaobaizhu,danshen,cuanxiong,goutengConclusions:1.The prescriptions of type 2 diabetes mainly involve various kinds of drugs,such as invigorating qi and spleen,nourishing the liver and kidney,tonifying kidney and warming yang,nourishing yin and generating body fluid,clearing damp and inducing diuresis,clearing away heat and fire,removing turbidity and phlegm,activating blood circulation,invigorating qi and promoting Yang and warming the interior and dispel cold.It has a good correspondence with the TCM syndrome type of this disease(deficiency of both qi and yin,blood stasis,phlegm and blood stasis,spleen deficiency/qi deficiency,dampness heat,kidney deficiency,yin deficiency,excessive heat,liver depression,phlegm dampness).2.The core drugs in the prescriptions are the same in treatment based on syndrome and treatment based on disease,which reflects the stability of the overall medication status.The types of drugs involved in different syndrome types in treatment based on syndrome are basically the same,but the amount of drugs in each type is different.This reflects the association of prescriptions and Syndrome.3.Huangqi is the core drugs of the four complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,the core compatibility of drugs in each complication is different,which is manifested in the emphasis on the positioning of viscera and meridians and the selection of some exclusive prescriptions or drugs.There are different emphases on the selection of the core drugs in the three kinds of comorbidities.The combination of hyperlipidemia or hypertension both sinvolve invigorating the spleen,removing dampness and phlegm.Besides,Hyperlipidemia nourishes the liver and kidney,clear away heat and fire,remove blood stasis and activate blood cirulation.Hypertension focuses on calming the liver,removing wind and activating blood circulation Depression mainly focuses on nourishing the blood,dispersing the liver,invigorating the spleen and regulating the mind.4.This study focus on drug groups and core drugs,and at the same time,by analyzing the famous prescription,it will be helpful to find the compatibility rules of this kind of prescriptions The famous prescriptions involved in the high-frequency drugs of the general drug spectrum of prescriptions for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes are Liuwei Dihuang pill,Shengmai Powder,Yuye Decoction,Zengyi decoction,Taohong Siwu Decoction,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,Gegen Qinlian decoction,Erchen decoction and Zexie decoction.This shows the universal value of classical ancient prescriptions in practical application.5.The analysis of drug spectrum and drug frequency based on a certain number of texts can reflect the overall scope of drug use and the concentration of core drug.In general,the compatibility of core drugs under different support conditions is consistent with the analysis results of drug pairs and drug groups.It suggests that this data analysis has good validity and stability6.In treatment based on syndrome,based on the therapeutic methods contained in the efficacy of core drugs,we can infer the drug pairs and drug groups that may be involved in the changes of such prescriptions.The core drugs in the similar kind of prescriptions has potential value for the treatment of specific diseases.Based on the relationship between syndromes,pathogenesis,treatment and prescriptions,and with reference to the property of drugs,the overall rule of prescriptions for type 2 diabetes can be predicted from the core prescriptions and drugs... |
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