Experimental Study On The Effect Of Landslide Surge On Sloping Wharf-pontoon-ship System In Watercourse Reservoir In Mountainous Area

When the reservoir area is in a state of high water level for a long time,the rock mass or soil in the reservoir area is soaked for a long time,and is affected by river or rain erosion,water level change,earthquake or human activities,which will cause the already fragile rock layer or soil to slide down to the reservoir area along the weak zone,resulting in landslide.Generally,the landslide body is composed of a large amount of scattered rock mass or soil.On the one hand,the landslide body will cause the blockage of the channel after sliding into the reservoir area,which will affect the normal navigation of the channel.On the other hand,sliding into the water will cause huge waves,which carry energy to the bank of the reservoir,will cause a certain degree of damage to the shore structure.Sloping wharf is widely used in many river basins because of its good adaptability to water level difference.This experiment will take the "sloping wharf-pontoon-ship" system as the research object,and establish a test model to study the influence of the system on the structure under the action of landslide surge.The main research includes the following aspects:(1)The ship mooring model is established,and the ship mooring force is measured by the tension plate measurement system force.The effects of different volume composition of landslide,water depth of channel and surge characteristics of landslide on mooring force were studied.According to the influence factors and the standard formula,the empirical formula of mooring force when the ship is tethering to the pontoon is obtained.(2)Build a pontoon model and fix it with "front three back three" anchoring method.The tension of anchor chain of pontoon was measured by a tension ring measuring system force.In this paper,six anchor chains at different locations are studied.The duration of tension under the action of landslide surge and the influence of water level and surge characteristics are studied.The empirical formula of anchor chain tension is established according to the influencing factors.(3)Landslide surge leads to collision between ship and pontoon,and collision between pontoon and ramp wharf.Measuring points are arranged to measure the collision force of ship and pontoon.The factors affecting the impact force of ship and pontoon and the relationship between the two impact forces are studied respectively to construct the empirical formula of impact force.