| Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China's economic development has made remarkable achievements,and the rapid economic growth has brought great improvement to people's living standards.However,because China has been pursuing the policy of giving priority to GDP for a long time,local governments are tolerant of the deterioration of the ecological environment in the process of economic development,which makes the environment in some regions continue to deteriorate.Especially in some resource-based cities,with the rapid development of industry,the ecological environment has been seriously damaged.The current situation of environmental quality in resource-based cities makes some people think that rich natural resources,especially mineral resources,may have a "curse effect" on the environmental quality of the region.China is a big consumer of mineral resources,a large number of mineral resources come from the domestic,and the distribution of these resource industries is relatively concentrated.Whether to continue to develop resource-based industries or restrict resource-based industries to improve the ecological environment often puzzles the decision-makers of local governments.Therefore,it is important to reveal the relationship between resource abundance and environmental quality.In 1993,Auty put forward the hypothesis of "resource curse" for the first time,and then Sachs and Waner carried out empirical research and confirmed the existence of "resource curse".After that,a large number of scholars have done theoretical research and empirical test on resource curse,and achieved fruitful research results.However,the existing research on "resource curse" is only limited to the field of pure economy,which studies the relationship between resource abundance and economic growth.Few studies focus on whether there is a corresponding relationship between resource abundance and environmental quality.Referring to the research ideas of resource curse hypothesis,this paper applies the basic principles of resource curse to the field of environment,and investigates the impact of resource abundance on environmental quality.This paper selects API index of 252 cities above prefecture level as the environmental quality index,and selects PM10 as the environmental quality index to test the robustness of the conclusion.Taking the number of mining industry practitioners as the resource abundance index,combined with relevant research results,it controls the level of regional economic development,the level of opening up,and the industrial structure The local government's financial expenditure on education and scientific research,taking into account the possible impact of the regional population size,the number of buses per million people,the per capita urban road area,and the per capita green space area on the environmental quality.The results of benchmark regression model show that resource abundance has a "blessing effect" on environmental quality,rather than the "curse effect" expected by people.That is to say,in the practice of China's economic development,the development of resources in resource rich areas,especially mineral resources,will not lead to significant deterioration of environmental quality.On the contrary,by vigorously developing economy,eliminating high energy consumption and high pollution industries,promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure,resource rich areas gradually embark on the path of rapid economic development and continuous improvement of environmental quality Sustainable road.The possible reason for this result is that compared with foreign countries,China has obvious advantages in its system,and local governments are capable and motivated to take into account the dual goals of economic development and ecological environment.Considering the possible impact of geographical characteristics on pollution diffusion,this paper investigates the impact of geographical location,altitude,air pressure,temperature,humidity and precipitation on the environmental quality effect of resource abundance.The results show that the difference of geographical characteristics will significantly affect the environmental quality of the same resource industry scale,which enlightens the local government not only to consider the environmental quality effect in industrial planning the influence of economic factors,but also consider the unique geographical characteristics of the place.Considering that the economic variables among regions are related,and the environmental quality of regions may affect each other,this paper uses the spatial panel regression model to investigate the impact of resource abundance on environmental quality.The regression results show that,after considering the spatial correlation among variables,the environmental quality improvement effect of resource abundance is still significant;resource abundance not only has the environmental quality improvement effect on the local area,but also has the environmental quality improvement effect on the adjacent areas;environmental pollution has spatial spillover,so the government should adopt the way of joint prevention and control when dealing with environmental problems Regional cooperation to deal with environmental pollution efficiently.Combined with the research results,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations: increase the intensity of environmental pollution control,vigorously promote energy conservation and emission reduction,and take energy conservation and emission reduction as a binding indicator of economic and social development;rationally develop natural resources,promote rapid economic development,and promote the upgrading of industrial structure;expand the scale of local government education expenditure,and improve the support for scientific research activities,so as to promote economic development In the process of economic development,the western region should carefully plan the industrial structure,reasonably develop natural resources without crossing the environmental carrying capacity,and realize the green and healthy development of economy;the local government should pay attention to the influence of geographical characteristics on industrial development and environmental carrying capacity when planning the industrial layout. |
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